Driesen Ronald B, Gervois Pascal, Vangansewinkel Tim, Lambrichts Ivo
Faculty of Medicine, Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute, Cardio and Organ Systems, Hasselt, Belgium.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 May 6;9:665600. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.665600. eCollection 2021.
The apical papilla is a stem cell rich tissue located at the base of the developing dental root and is responsible for the progressive elongation and maturation of the root. The multipotent stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAP) are extensively studied in cell culture since they demonstrate a high capacity for osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation and are thus an attractive stem cell source for stem cell-based therapies. Currently, only few studies are dedicated to determining the role of the apical papilla in dental root development. In this review, we will focus on the architecture of the apical papilla and describe the specific SCAP signaling pathways involved in root maturation. Furthermore, we will explore the heterogeneity of the SCAP phenotype within the tissue and determine their micro-environmental interaction. Understanding the mechanism of postnatal dental root growth could further aid in developing novel strategies in dental root regeneration.
根尖乳头是一种富含干细胞的组织，位于发育中牙根的基部，负责牙根的渐进性伸长和成熟。根尖乳头的多能干细胞（SCAP）在细胞培养中得到了广泛研究，因为它们表现出高成骨、成脂和成软骨分化能力，因此是基于干细胞治疗的有吸引力的干细胞来源。目前，只有少数研究致力于确定根尖乳头在牙根发育中的作用。在本综述中，我们将重点关注根尖乳头的结构，并描述参与牙根成熟的特定SCAP信号通路。此外，我们将探讨组织内SCAP表型的异质性，并确定它们与微环境的相互作用。了解出生后牙根生长的机制可能进一步有助于开发牙根再生的新策略。
