CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
J Biotechnol. 2021 Jun 20;334:35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.05.004. Epub 2021 May 21.
Cyanobacteria pigments, in special carotenoids and phycobiliproteins, are usually used in industry as raw extracts, although there is still no standard methodology for their extraction. For the co-extraction of carotenoids and phycobiliproteins from the marine cyanobacterium Cyanobium sp., a continuous pressurized solvent extraction (CPSE) system and an electric fields-assisted extraction system based in ohmic heating were optimized using Central Composite Designs, with three factors each: time (t), temperature (T) and, flow (f) for CPSE; and time, temperature and frequency (F) for ohmic heating. The content of pigments and the antioxidant capacity of extracts were evaluated. All tested factors seem to influence the extraction of pigments in different ways: a high temperature (70 °C) had a positive impact on the extraction rate in both methods, while the influence of time depended on the extraction principle. Flow and frequency affected directly the extraction efficiency and these methods are indeed suitable for cyanobacterial pigments extraction, achieving good extraction results. Optimal conditions for co-extraction of carotenoids and phycobiliproteins in CPSE were T = 70 °C, t = 20 min and f = 1.5 mL min, and for ohmic heating they were T = 70 °C, t = 5 min and F = 20 kHz. Both, CPSE and ohmic heating systems allowed obtaining better extraction yields when compared with a previously optimized extraction method (homogenization), used here as a reference. However, ohmic heating was the best methodology for pigments co-extraction from Cyanobium sp.
蓝藻色素，特别是类胡萝卜素和藻胆蛋白，通常被用作工业原料提取物，尽管目前还没有针对它们提取的标准方法。为了从海洋蓝藻 Cyanobium sp. 中同时提取类胡萝卜素和藻胆蛋白，使用中心复合设计对连续加压溶剂萃取（CPSE）系统和基于欧姆加热的电场辅助萃取系统进行了优化，每个系统都有三个因素：时间（t）、温度（T）和流速（f）用于 CPSE；以及时间、温度和频率（F）用于欧姆加热。评估了提取物中色素的含量和抗氧化能力。所有测试的因素似乎都以不同的方式影响色素的提取：高温（70°C）对两种方法的提取率都有积极影响，而时间的影响则取决于提取原理。流速和频率直接影响提取效率，这些方法确实适用于蓝藻色素的提取，可获得良好的提取效果。CPSE 中同时提取类胡萝卜素和藻胆蛋白的最佳条件为 T = 70°C、t = 20 min 和 f = 1.5 mL min，欧姆加热的最佳条件为 T = 70°C、t = 5 min 和 F = 20 kHz。与这里用作参考的先前优化的提取方法（均相化）相比，CPSE 和欧姆加热系统都允许获得更好的提取产率。然而，欧姆加热是从 Cyanobium sp. 中同时提取色素的最佳方法。
