Zhou An-Qi, Liu Jian-Wei, Zhou Xu, Bi Si-Qi, Zhang Bo-Han, Gao Yue, Cao Hong-Bin
Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2021 Jun 8;42(6):2595-2603. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202010201.
To explore the differences in pollution characteristics, sources, and health risks of PM carrier metals in urban and suburban areas in Beijing, daily PM samples were collected from Haidian and Daxing from June to November 2017 and the concentration of PM and 13 constituent metals were analyzed. The sources of these 13 metal elements were analyzed by positive matrix factorization (PMF), and the health hazards of a subset of 9 metals were evaluated using health risk assessment. The results showed that the concentrations of PM and 10 metal concentrations in the urban area including Cr, Co, Mn, and Ni were significantly different from those in suburban areas (<0.05). The source analysis results show four key sources, although their relative contributions vary slightly between urban and rural areas. In urban areas, the main sources are motor vehicles (51.2%), coal burning (19.1%), dust (19.3%), and fuel oil (10.4%); in the suburbs, sources are motor vehicles (47.9%), coal burning (22.6%), dust (20.2%), and electroplating (9.3%). The results of the health risk assessment showed that all metal HQ values in the suburbs were less than 1, and there was no non-carcinogenic risk. Ni and Pb in urban areas, and Cd, Co, Ni, and Pb in suburban areas, do not present a cancer risk, while the values of As (2.77×10), Cd (2×10), Co (1.76×10), and Cr(Ⅵ) (7.88×10) in urban areas and As (8.34×10) and Cr(Ⅵ) (4.94×10) in suburban areas present some risk of cancer.
为探究北京城区和郊区大气颗粒物（PM）中载体金属的污染特征、来源及健康风险差异，于2017年6月至11月采集了海淀区和大兴区的每日PM样本，并分析了PM及13种成分金属的浓度。采用正定矩阵因子分解法（PMF）分析这13种金属元素的来源，运用健康风险评估方法评估9种金属的健康危害。结果表明，城区PM及Cr、Co、Mn、Ni等10种金属浓度与郊区存在显著差异（<0.05）。源解析结果显示有四个关键来源，尽管其在城乡之间的相对贡献略有不同。城区主要来源为机动车（51.2%）、燃煤（19.1%）、扬尘（19.3%）和燃油（10.4%）；郊区来源为机动车（47.9%）、燃煤（22.6%）、扬尘（20.2%）和电镀（9.3%）。健康风险评估结果表明，郊区所有金属的危害商值均小于1，不存在非致癌风险。城区的Ni和Pb以及郊区的Cd、Co、Ni和Pb不存在致癌风险，而城区的As（2.77×10）、Cd（2×10）、Co（1.76×10）和Cr(Ⅵ)（7.88×10）以及郊区的As（8.34×10）和Cr(Ⅵ)（4.94×10）存在一定致癌风险
