Wang Yu, Zhao Li, Yang Jun, Shi Meimei, Nie Fuping, Liu Shengfen, Wang Zhengbao, Huang Daochao, Wu Haibo, Li Dandan, Lin Hua, Li Yingguo
Department of Animal Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Child Development and Disorders, and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, and China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Animal Inspection and Quarantine Laboratory, Technical Center of Chong-Qing Custom, Chongqing, China.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2022 Jul;69(4):1813-1823. doi: 10.1111/tbed.14159. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a devastating viral disease that occurs in cattle. In China, it was first detected in the Xin-Jiang autonomous region, near the border with Kazakhstan, in August 2019. As there were no new occurrences of LSD in either country following the first detection, the initial introduction of the virus remains unknown. Arthropod vectors were considered as potential vectors. Consequently, to identify the arthropod vectors involved in transmitting LSD virus (LSDV), an insect surveillance campaign was launched at four different sites scattered along the border, and samples from 22 flying insect species were collected and subjected to PCR assays. Following the Agianniotaki LSDV vaccine and Sprygin's general LSDV assays, two kinds of non-biting flies, namely, Musca domestica L and Muscina stabulans, were positive for LSDV. However, all the other insects tested negative. Viral DNA was only detected in wash fluid, implying body surface contamination of the virus. The negative test results suggest that non-biting flies are the dominant insects involved in the observed local epidemic. Three genomic regions encoding RPO30, GPCR, and LW126 were successfully sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The sequences shared high homology with LSDV/Russia/Saratov/2017, a recombinant vaccine-like strain formerly identified in Russia, and clustered with LSDV vaccine strains in phylogenetic trees of RPO30 and LW126. However, the GPCR gene was seen to be solely clustered with LSDV field strains, implying differences in host affinity between these closely related vaccine-like strains. Despite this, there is no direct evidence to support cross-border transmission of the vaccine-like LSDV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of vaccine-like LSDV DNA detection in non-biting flies in China.
结节性皮肤病（LSD）是一种发生在牛身上的毁灭性病毒性疾病。2019年8月，中国在与哈萨克斯坦接壤的新疆自治区首次检测到该病。由于首次检测后两国均未出现新的LSD病例，病毒的最初引入情况仍然不明。节肢动物媒介被认为是潜在的传播媒介。因此，为了确定传播LSD病毒（LSDV）的节肢动物媒介，在边境沿线四个不同地点开展了昆虫监测活动，收集了22种飞行昆虫的样本并进行PCR检测。根据阿贾尼奥塔基LSDV疫苗和斯普里金的通用LSDV检测方法，两种非吸血蝇，即家蝇和厩螫蝇，对LSDV呈阳性。然而，所有其他检测的昆虫均为阴性。仅在冲洗液中检测到病毒DNA，这意味着病毒存在体表污染。阴性检测结果表明，非吸血蝇是观察到的局部疫情中主要的昆虫媒介。成功对编码RPO30、GPCR和LW126的三个基因组区域进行了测序并进行了系统发育分析。这些序列与LSDV/俄罗斯/萨拉托夫/2017具有高度同源性，LSDV/俄罗斯/萨拉托夫/2017是先前在俄罗斯鉴定的一种重组疫苗样毒株，并且在RPO30和LW126的系统发育树中与LSDV疫苗株聚类。然而，GPCR基因仅与LSDV野外毒株聚类，这意味着这些密切相关的疫苗样毒株在宿主亲和力上存在差异。尽管如此，没有直接证据支持疫苗样LSDV的跨境传播。据我们所知，这是中国首次报道在非吸血蝇中检测到疫苗样LSDV DNA。
