Yasui Kiyotaka, Takebayashi Yoshitake, Motoya Ryo, Aoki Shuntaro, Horiuchi Teruko, Hatsuzawa Toshio, Nakano Kazunori, Ohba Takashi, Yoshida Kazuki, Midorikawa Sanae, Ohtsuru Akira, Murakami Michio
Department of Health Risk Communication, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City 960-1295, Japan.
School of Psychological Science, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan.
J Radiol Prot. 2021 Nov 15;41(4). doi: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac04b7.
Various studies have investigated radiation risk perceptions after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. However, student surveys are limited. This study aimed to investigate the perception of radiation risk among students aged 18-20 years who were in the 5th and 6th grades of elementary school at the time of the accident. We surveyed students in the Fukushima Prefecture and outside the prefecture. Out of all the data, 59% of the respondents were living in the Fukushima Prefecture at the time of the accident and 41% outside the prefecture. Trajectory analysis showed that changes in anxiety levels over time since 2011 could be divided into five classes: (a) the anxiety was the highest, and this tendency persisted. (b) High at the beginning, but decreased more quickly than class 1. (c) High at the beginning, but it diminished quickly. (d) Not high, but did not diminish easily in later years. (e) Low from the beginning, and persisted. Multinomial logistic analysis showed that among students living outside the prefecture at the time of the accident, a significantly higher proportion was in groups 4 and 5 than in group 2. A significant proportion of boys were present in groups 3, 4 and 5. A significant proportion of students whose current educational institutions were inside the prefecture were present in group 3. The level of anxiety was associated with the academic course, but not with subjective knowledge of radiation. In contrast, in the qualitative analysis of the free text, 31% considered 'knowledge about radiation' as the reason for the reduction in anxiety level. At the time of the investigation, most young people were not anxious about radiation. However, approximately 20% still had strong anxiety. We established that continuous risk communication is necessary. Furthermore, that stabilization and support related to life in general is important.
多项研究调查了福岛第一核电站事故后的辐射风险认知情况。然而，针对学生的调查较为有限。本研究旨在调查事故发生时处于小学五、六年级的18至20岁学生对辐射风险的认知。我们对福岛县内及县外的学生进行了调查。在所有数据中，59%的受访者在事故发生时居住在福岛县，41%居住在县外。轨迹分析表明，自2011年以来焦虑水平随时间的变化可分为五类：(a)焦虑程度最高，且这种趋势持续存在。(b)一开始较高，但下降速度比第1类更快。(c)一开始较高，但迅速减弱。(d)一开始不高，但在随后几年不易减弱。(e)从一开始就较低，且持续存在。多项逻辑分析表明，事故发生时居住在县外的学生中，第4组和第5组的比例显著高于第2组。第3组、第4组和第5组中有相当比例的男生。目前就读学校在县内的学生中有相当比例在第3组。焦虑水平与学术课程有关，但与辐射的主观知识无关。相比之下，在自由文本的定性分析中，31%的人认为“辐射知识”是焦虑水平降低的原因。在调查时，大多数年轻人对辐射并不焦虑。然而，约20%的人仍有强烈的焦虑情绪。我们确定持续的风险沟通是必要的。此外，与一般生活相关的稳定和支持也很重要。
