Gulati Bal Kishan, Sharma Saurabh, Vardhana Rao M V
ICMR-National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2021 Jan-Mar;46(1):20-23. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_77_20. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
Infectious diseases are important causes of morbidity and mortality globally. At least 25% of about 60 million deaths that occur worldwide each year are estimated to be due to infectious diseases. In India, the burden of infectious diseases is enormous; although it has decreased as a result of overall socioeconomic progress and use of vaccines and antimicrobials, it is still a major health-care burden. Studying a disease trend over a certain time period is important in a country's public health system as it guides agencies to prioritize funds and other measures for its control.
The present study tries to understand its transition in an urban population of India.
"Medical Certification of Cause of Death" data for the period from 1989 to 2015 have been used. Deaths under the head "age not stated" have been distributed in all age groups in proportion to total deaths at those age groups for all the years, and the percentage of the cause of death to total deaths has been calculated. Three years' moving average of these percentages have been calculated.
The overall age group analysis showed a downward trend in both males and females. However, age-segregated analysis showed that mortality is declining among children and youth population, specifically showing a steep decline among infants and under-five population.
Infectious diseases are still a major public health problem in India.
传染病是全球发病和死亡的重要原因。据估计，全球每年约6000万例死亡中至少25% 是由传染病导致的。在印度，传染病负担巨大；尽管由于总体社会经济进步以及疫苗和抗菌药物的使用，该负担有所减轻，但它仍是一项重大的卫生保健负担。在一个国家的公共卫生系统中，研究某一特定时间段内的疾病趋势很重要，因为它能指导各机构确定控制该疾病的资金和其他措施的优先次序。
本研究试图了解印度城市人口中传染病的转变情况。
使用了1989年至2015年期间的“死亡原因医学证明”数据。“未注明年龄”项下的死亡人数已按各年龄组所有年份的总死亡人数比例分配到所有年龄组，并计算了死亡原因占总死亡人数的百分比。计算了这些百分比的三年移动平均值。
总体年龄组分析显示男性和女性均呈下降趋势。然而，按年龄划分的分析表明，儿童和青年人群的死亡率正在下降，特别是婴儿和五岁以下人群的死亡率急剧下降。
传染病在印度仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。
