Krishnamoorthy Yuvaraj, Vijayageetha M, Saya Ganesh Kumar
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2021 Jan-Mar;46(1):70-74. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_208_20. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
Nutrition of the elderly affects immunity and functional ability and leads to increased morbidity and mortality. Validation of a short-form (SF) scale will make the assessment easier for primary care physicians. Hence, the study was done to assess the validity and reliability of Mini-Nutritional Assessment-SF (MNA-SF) Questionnaire among elderly in Puducherry.
A cross-sectional study among 279 elderly was conducted in four villages of rural Puducherry. We have used three forms of MNA questionnaire. Diagnostic accuracy of the MNA-SF was assessed and internal consistency was interpreted using Cronbach's alpha.
The prevalence of malnutrition by the MNA full-form scale was 17.9%. Similar prevalence was reported by the body mass index (BMI) MNA-SF (16.5%), but calf-circumference (CC) MNA-SF overestimated the prevalence (38%). Sensitivity was higher in CC-MNA-SF (92%) when compared to BMI-MNA-SF (72%), while specificity was higher in BMI-MNA-SF (95.6%) when compared to CC-MNA-SF (73.8%). The positive predictive value was higher in BMI-MNA-SF (78.3%) when compared to CC-MNA-SF (43.4%), while the negative predictive value almost similar in both the scales. Reliability of the questionnaire showed the highest value for MNA full form (alpha = 0.71).
This shows that both the forms of MNA-SF (BMI-based, CC-based) were valid and can be recommended as a screening tool for the assessment of nutritional status of the elderly.
老年人的营养状况会影响免疫力和功能能力，并导致发病率和死亡率上升。验证一种简表（SF）量表将使初级保健医生的评估更加容易。因此，本研究旨在评估改良营养风险评估简表（MNA-SF）问卷在本地治里老年人中的有效性和可靠性。
在本地治里农村的四个村庄对279名老年人进行了一项横断面研究。我们使用了三种形式的MNA问卷。评估了MNA-SF的诊断准确性，并使用克朗巴哈系数（Cronbach's alpha）解释内部一致性。
MNA全量表评估的营养不良患病率为17.9%。体重指数（BMI）MNA-SF报告的患病率与之相似（16.5%），但小腿围（CC）MNA-SF高估了患病率（38%）。与BMI-MNA-SF（72%）相比，CC-MNA-SF的敏感性更高（92%），而与CC-MNA-SF（73.8%）相比，BMI-MNA-SF的特异性更高（95.6%）。与CC-MNA-SF（43.4%）相比，BMI-MNA-SF的阳性预测值更高（78.3%），而两种量表的阴性预测值几乎相似。问卷的可靠性显示MNA全量表的值最高（α = 0.71）。
这表明两种形式的MNA-SF（基于BMI、基于CC）都是有效的，可作为评估老年人营养状况的筛查工具推荐使用。
