Prince Priya Mary, Umman Marciya, Fathima Farah Naaz, Johnson Avita Rose
Department of Community Health, St. John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2021 Jan-Mar;46(1):102-106. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_464_20. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
The effect of maternal smoking on birth outcomes is well-established, but the effect of maternal secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is less clear, especially among Indian women.
To evaluate the effect of SHS exposure during pregnancy on birth outcomes such as gestational age at birth, neonatal anthropometry, and Apgar score.
Retrospective cohort study at a tertiary hospital in Bengaluru.
208 postnatal mothers: 104 each in "exposed" and "nonexposed" group, based on the history of SHS exposure during pregnancy. Sociodemographic and obstetric details were obtained by interview schedule and birth outcomes were obtained from patient charts.
Association of SHS exposure with birth outcomes was analyzed using inferential statistics such as Chi-square, -test, and Mann-Whitney U-test, whereas the strength of association was expressed as relative risk with 95% confidence intervals. < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
SHS exposed and nonexposed groups were comparable with regard to potentially confounding socioeconomic and obstetric covariates. Babies born to SHS-exposed mothers had significantly lower mean birth weight, mean birth length, and mean birth head circumference by 172.5 g ( = 0.027), 1.6 cm ( = 0.001), and 1.1 cm ( = 0.001), respectively.
Mothers exposed to SHS during pregnancy were twice likely to deliver low birth weight babies (relative risk [RR] = 1.9 [1.0-3.6], = 0.02) and babies of low birth length (RR = 2.64 [1.4-4.6], = 0.001) than unexposed mothers. With a significant risk of adverse birth outcomes found among mothers exposed to SHS during pregnancy, it is important that a "no tobacco smoke" environment at home should be recommended for pregnant women and their families.
母亲吸烟对出生结局的影响已得到充分证实，但母亲接触二手烟（SHS）的影响尚不清楚，尤其是在印度女性中。
评估孕期接触二手烟对出生结局的影响，如出生时的孕周、新生儿人体测量指标和阿氏评分。
在班加罗尔一家三级医院进行的回顾性队列研究。
208名产后母亲，根据孕期接触二手烟的情况分为“暴露”组和“未暴露”组，每组各104人。通过访谈问卷获取社会人口统计学和产科详细信息，从患者病历中获取出生结局。
使用卡方检验、t检验和曼-惠特尼U检验等推断性统计方法分析二手烟暴露与出生结局的关联，关联强度以95%置信区间的相对风险表示。P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
在潜在的混杂社会经济和产科协变量方面，二手烟暴露组和未暴露组具有可比性。二手烟暴露母亲所生婴儿的平均出生体重、平均出生身长和平均出生头围显著更低，分别低172.5克（P = 0.027）、1.6厘米（P = 0.001）和1.1厘米（P = 0.001）。
孕期接触二手烟的母亲生出低体重婴儿（相对风险[RR]=1.9[1.0 - 3.6]，P = 0.02）和低出生身长婴儿（RR = 2.64[1.4 - 4.6]，P = 0.001）的可能性是未暴露母亲的两倍。鉴于孕期接触二手烟的母亲出现不良出生结局的风险显著，为孕妇及其家庭推荐家中“无烟”环境非常重要。
