Randin J P
ASULAB S.A., Research Laboratories of the SMH Group, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
J Biomed Mater Res. 1988 Jul;22(7):649-66. doi: 10.1002/jbm.820220706.
The corrosion resistance of various nickel-containing alloys was measured in artificial sweat (perspiration) using the Tafel extrapolation method. It was found that Ni, CuNi 25 (coin alloy), NiAl (colored intermetallic compounds), WC + Ni (hard metal), white gold (jewelry alloy), FN42 and Nilo Alby K (controlled expansion alloys), and NiP (electroless nickel coating) are in an active state and dissolve readily in oxygenated artificial sweat. By contrast, austenitic stainless steels, TiC + Mo2C + Ni (hard metal), NiTi (shape-memory alloy), Hastelloy X (superalloy), Phydur (precipitation hardening alloy), PdNi and SnNi (nickel-containing coatings) are in a passive state but may pit under certain conditions. Cobalt, Cr, Ti, and some of their alloys were also investigated for the purpose of comparison. Cobalt and its alloys have poor corrosion resistance except for Stellite 20. Chromium and high-chromium ferritic stainless steels have a high pitting potential but the latter are susceptible to crevice corrosion. Ti has a pitting potential greater than 3 V. Comparison between the in vitro measurements of the corrosion rate of nickel-based alloys and the clinical observation of the occurrence of contact dermatitis is discussed.
采用塔菲尔外推法在人工汗液中测定了各种含镍合金的耐腐蚀性。结果发现，镍、铜镍25（硬币合金）、镍铝（有色金属间化合物）、碳化钨+镍（硬质合金）、白金（珠宝合金）、FN42和尼洛阿尔比K（可控膨胀合金）以及镍磷（化学镀镍涂层）处于活性状态，易溶于含氧人工汗液中。相比之下，奥氏体不锈钢、碳化钛+碳化钼+镍（硬质合金）、镍钛（形状记忆合金）、哈氏合金X（高温合金）、菲杜尔（沉淀硬化合金）、钯镍和锡镍（含镍涂层）处于钝态，但在某些条件下可能会出现点蚀。为作比较，还研究了钴、铬、钛及其一些合金。除了司太立合金20外，钴及其合金的耐腐蚀性较差。铬和高铬铁素体不锈钢具有较高的点蚀电位，但后者易发生缝隙腐蚀。钛的点蚀电位大于3V。文中讨论了镍基合金腐蚀速率的体外测量结果与接触性皮炎发生情况的临床观察结果之间的比较。
