Lin Jessica A, Woods Elizabeth R, Bern Elana M
Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2021 Apr;17(4):157-167.
Eating disorders (EDs) such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder are associated with restricted diets and abnormal compensatory behaviors, frequently leading to malnutrition and oral and gastrointestinal manifestations. Dental and oral complications are generally caused by malnutrition, micro-nutrient deficiency, and chronic acid exposure; hence, treatment of the ED and frequent dental examinations are essential to reduce morbidity. Gastrointestinal manifestations are multifactorial in origin, and may be caused by disordered behaviors, malnutrition, anxiety, and/or may be a function of the ED itself. This article reviews the most common oral and gastrointestinal manifestations of EDs and describes emergent complications such as acute gastric dilation and superior mesenteric artery syndrome. It is important for providers to recognize complications associated with EDs to provide the best treatment possible.
诸如神经性厌食症、神经性贪食症和回避/限制性食物摄入障碍等饮食失调与节食及异常的代偿行为有关，常常导致营养不良以及口腔和胃肠道表现。牙齿和口腔并发症通常由营养不良、微量营养素缺乏和长期酸暴露引起；因此，治疗饮食失调和定期进行牙科检查对于降低发病率至关重要。胃肠道表现的起源是多因素的，可能由行为紊乱、营养不良、焦虑引起，和/或可能是饮食失调本身的一种表现。本文综述了饮食失调最常见的口腔和胃肠道表现，并描述了诸如急性胃扩张和肠系膜上动脉综合征等紧急并发症。医疗服务提供者认识到与饮食失调相关的并发症以提供最佳治疗是很重要的。
