Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Neuroendocrine Cell Biology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Antioxid Redox Signal. 2021 Sep;35(8):642-687. doi: 10.1089/ars.2019.7901. Epub 2021 Jul 8.
In recent years, a number of studies have shown altered oxygen partial pressure at a tissue level in metabolic disorders, and some researchers have considered oxygen to be a (macro) nutrient. Oxygen availability may be compromised in obesity and several other metabolism-related pathological conditions, including sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, the metabolic syndrome (which is a set of conditions), type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Strategies designed to reduce adiposity and its accompanying disorders have been mainly centered on nutritional interventions and physical activity programs. However, novel therapies are needed since these approaches have not been sufficient to counteract the worldwide increasing rates of metabolic disorders. In this regard, intermittent hypoxia training and hyperoxia could be potential treatments through oxygen-related adaptations. Moreover, living at a high altitude may have a protective effect against the development of abnormal metabolic conditions. In addition, oxygen delivery systems may be of therapeutic value for supplying the tissue-specific oxygen requirements. Precise methods to measure oxygenation are vital to disentangle some of the controversies related to this research area. Further, it is evident that there is a growing need for novel models to study the potential pathways involved in metabolic dysfunction to find appropriate therapeutic targets. Based on the existing evidence, it is suggested that oxygen availability has a key role in obesity and its related comorbidities. Oxygen should be considered in relation to potential therapeutic strategies in the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders. 35, 642-687.
近年来，一些研究表明代谢紊乱会导致组织水平氧分压改变，一些研究人员认为氧是一种（宏）营养素。肥胖症和其他几种与代谢相关的病理状况（如睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征、代谢综合征（一组病症）、2 型糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症）可能会影响氧气供应。旨在减少肥胖及其伴随疾病的策略主要集中在营养干预和体育活动方案上。然而，由于这些方法还不足以对抗全球范围内代谢紊乱发病率的上升，因此需要新的治疗方法。在这方面，间歇性低氧训练和高氧可能是通过与氧气相关的适应来实现的潜在治疗方法。此外，高海拔生活可能对异常代谢状况的发展具有保护作用。此外，氧输送系统可能具有治疗价值，可满足组织特异性的氧气需求。精确的氧合测量方法对于解决该研究领域的一些争议至关重要。此外，显然需要新的模型来研究代谢功能障碍涉及的潜在途径，以找到合适的治疗靶点。基于现有证据，建议氧可用性在肥胖及其相关并发症中起关键作用。在治疗和预防代谢紊乱时，应考虑氧及其作为潜在治疗策略的应用。
