School of Public Health and Primary Care, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
Front Public Health. 2021 May 10;9:671197. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.671197. eCollection 2021.
Adolescent population face a number of health concerns which calls for objective and comprehensive assessment of their wellness during their critical development phase. This study aimed to determine adolescent wellness and its predictors amongst adolescents in secondary schools in Fiji. This quantitative cross sectional study was conducted in four purposively selected schools in Suva and the greater Suva area, Fiji, between August and September, 2019. Students of Fijian nationality, enrolled into years 11-13 in the selected schools were purposively selected. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on four dimensions of wellness including physical, emotional, social, and spiritual. Spearman's Rho correlation was conducted to test for associations. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were applied to analyze the data by the SPSS software version 25. A -value < 0.05 was considered significant. A total of 350 students participated in the study. Mean raw scores for wellness dimensions were as follows: physical = 51 (out of 60), psychological = 63 (out of 80), social = 42 (out of 50), and spiritual = 34 (out of 40). For overall wellness, two significant differences were observed: students of Fijian Itaukei descent (193.68 ± 14.2) and participants with a family income of $40,000-50,000 (199.08 ± 12.60) ( = 0.04) had a higher overall wellness score. There were three significant differences observed for psychological wellness dimension; Fijians of Indian descent (64.68 ± 9.30), participants enrolled into year 13 (64.68 ± 9.30) and those with a family income of $40,000-50,000 had higher psychological score. For social wellness, a significant difference was observed: Itaukei participants had higher scores (43.34 ± 4.42) when compared to other ethnic groups ( < 0.05). In terms of spiritual wellness, a significant difference was observed for ethnicity: Itaukei participants had a higher mean score (35.59 ± 4.26) when compared to other ethnic groups ( < 0.05). Strong correlations were observed for all dimensions of wellness. Findings of this study highlighted different factors affecting adolescents' wellness in Fiji. It is recommended that health education and awareness program be carried out for developing adolescent wellness by considering these factors. It is also recommended that parental and family support are provided to adolescents.
青少年群体面临着诸多健康问题，这需要客观、全面地评估他们在关键发育阶段的健康状况。本研究旨在确定斐济中学青少年的健康状况及其影响因素。这是一项在斐济苏瓦和大苏瓦地区的四所选定学校进行的定量横断面研究，时间为 2019 年 8 月至 9 月。研究对象为选择学校的 11-13 年级的斐济籍学生。采用结构自填式问卷收集关于健康四个维度（身体、心理、社会和精神）的资料。采用斯皮尔曼 rho 相关分析来检验相关性。采用 SPSS 软件版本 25 进行描述性和推断性统计分析。p 值 < 0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。共有 350 名学生参与了这项研究。健康状况各维度的原始平均分如下：身体=51（满分 60 分）、心理=63（满分 80 分）、社会=42（满分 50 分）、精神=34（满分 40 分）。在整体健康方面，有两个显著差异：斐济印度裔（193.68 ± 14.2）和家庭收入在 40,000-50,000 美元之间的参与者（199.08 ± 12.60）（ = 0.04）的整体健康评分较高。在心理维度方面有三个显著差异；印度裔斐济人（64.68 ± 9.30）、13 年级的学生（64.68 ± 9.30）和家庭收入在 40,000-50,000 美元之间的学生心理评分较高。在社会健康方面，一个显著差异是：伊塔基参与者的分数较高（43.34 ± 4.42），与其他族裔群体相比（< 0.05）。在精神健康方面，一个显著差异是族裔：与其他族裔群体相比，伊塔基参与者的平均得分较高（35.59 ± 4.26）（< 0.05）。所有健康状况维度之间都存在较强的相关性。本研究结果强调了影响斐济青少年健康的不同因素。建议开展健康教育和宣传活动，通过考虑这些因素来促进青少年健康。还建议为青少年提供父母和家庭支持。
