Culture, expansion, and flow-cytometry-based functional analysis of pteropid bat MR1-restricted unconventional T cells.

Bats harbor viruses of global public health significance. Understanding bat immune systems may provide intervention strategies to prevent zoonotic disease transmission and identify therapeutic targets. This protocol describes how to culture and expand pteropid bat unconventional T cells, restricted by the MHC-I-related protein 1 (MR1), an MHC-I-like protein. Using multicolor flow-cytometry-based techniques, we examine pteropid MR1T cell functionality, including proliferative capacity, cytotoxicity, and cytokine production. This protocol can be adapted to aid immunological research in other bat species. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Leeansyah et al. (2020b).