Dotterer Hailey L, Tomlinson Rachel C, Burt S Alexandra, Weigard Alexander S, Klump Kelly L, Hyde Luke W
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan.
Department of Psychology, Michigan State University.
Neuropsychology. 2021 May;35(4):374-387. doi: 10.1037/neu0000733.
Antisocial behavior (aggression, rule breaking) is associated with lower intelligence and executive function deficits. Research has not clarified whether these associations differ with the presence of callous-unemotional (CU) traits, particularly within levels of antisocial behavior observed in the community.
We examined whether antisocial behavior and CU traits were differentially associated with intelligence and executive function metrics in 474 adolescent twins (Mean age = 14.18; SD = 2.20) sampled from birth records to represent youth in the community living in neighborhoods with above average levels of poverty. Intelligence was assessed using standardized scores from the Shipley-2. Executive function was assessed using Go/No-Go and Stop Signal tasks.
Neither antisocial behavior, nor CU traits alone, were associated with cognitive functioning when accounting for demographic factors. However, antisocial behavior and CU traits interacted to predict reaction time variability. At low levels of CU traits, antisocial behavior was associated with higher reaction time variability (traditionally thought to reflect worse sustained attention). At high levels of CU traits, antisocial behavior was associated with lower reaction time variability (thought to reflect better sustained attention).
Elevated antisocial behavior and CU traits may be characterized by a distinct neurocognitive profile compared to elevated antisocial behavior in isolation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
反社会行为（攻击、违反规则）与较低的智力及执行功能缺陷有关。研究尚未阐明这些关联在有无冷酷无情（CU）特质的情况下是否存在差异，尤其是在社区中观察到的不同反社会行为水平内。
我们调查了474名青少年双胞胎（平均年龄 = 14.18；标准差 = 2.20）中反社会行为和CU特质与智力及执行功能指标之间的关联是否存在差异。这些双胞胎是从出生记录中抽取的，代表生活在贫困水平高于平均水平社区的青少年。使用希普利成人智力筛选测验-2（Shipley-2）的标准化分数评估智力。使用“走/停”和停止信号任务评估执行功能。
在考虑人口统计学因素时，反社会行为和CU特质单独而言均与认知功能无关。然而，反社会行为和CU特质相互作用可预测反应时间变异性。在低水平的CU特质下，反社会行为与较高的反应时间变异性相关（传统上认为这反映了较差的持续注意力）。在高水平的CU特质下，反社会行为与较低的反应时间变异性相关（认为这反映了较好的持续注意力）。
与单纯的反社会行为增加相比，反社会行为增加和CU特质增加可能具有独特的神经认知特征。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2021美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
