Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago.
Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago.
Rehabil Psychol. 2021 Aug;66(3):286-299. doi: 10.1037/rep0000381. Epub 2021 May 27.
Past research suggests that certain sociodemographic factors may put youth with spina bifida (SB) at risk for poor outcomes. The aims of this study were to examine (a) associations between ten sociodemographic factors and health-related, neuropsychological, and psychosocial functioning among youth with SB,(b) cumulative sociodemographic risk as a predictor of youth outcomes as moderated by age, and (c) SB-related family stress as a mediator of longitudinal associations between cumulative sociodemographic risk and youth outcomes. Participants were youth with SB ( = 140 at Time 1; at Time 1 = 11.43, 53.6% female) recruited as part of a larger, longitudinal study. The study included questionnaire (parent-, teacher-, and youth-report), neuropsychological testing, and medical chart data across three time points, spaced 2 years apart. A subset of the sociodemographic factors and their cumulative risk were associated with study outcomes. Specifically, youth characterized by sociodemographic risk had greater pain and lower academic achievement, but also fewer urinary tract infections and fewer attention and executive function problems. Age did not moderate the association between cumulative risk and outcomes. Cumulative risk predicted lower SB-related family stress, which, in turn, predicted several outcomes. Examining a range of sociodemographic factors is warranted. Sociodemographic risk is linked to poorer outcomes for some risk indicators but similar or better outcomes for others. Results have implications for delivering evidence-based, diversity-sensitive clinical care to youth with SB. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
过去的研究表明，某些社会人口因素可能使脊柱裂（SB）青年面临不良后果的风险。本研究的目的是检验：（a）十种社会人口因素与 SB 青年的健康相关、神经心理学和心理社会功能之间的关系；（b）作为年龄调节因素的累积社会人口风险对青年结局的预测；（c）SB 相关家庭压力作为累积社会人口风险与青年结局之间纵向关联的中介。参与者为 SB 青年（= 140 人，在时间 1 时；= 11.43 人，53.6%为女性），作为一项更大的纵向研究的一部分进行招募。该研究包括三个时间点的问卷调查（家长、教师和青年报告）、神经心理学测试和医疗记录数据，间隔 2 年。一组社会人口因素及其累积风险与研究结果相关。具体而言，具有社会人口风险特征的青年疼痛更严重，学业成绩更低，但尿路感染较少，注意力和执行功能问题也较少。年龄并没有调节累积风险与结果之间的关系。累积风险预测 SB 相关家庭压力较低，而 SB 相关家庭压力又预测了几个结果。因此，有必要对一系列社会人口因素进行研究。社会人口风险与某些风险指标的较差结果相关，但与其他一些结果相似或更好。研究结果对为 SB 青年提供基于证据、注重多样性的临床护理具有重要意义。
