El-Daly Sherien M, Medhat Dalia, A El-Bana Mona, Abdel-Latif Yasmin, El-Naggar Mehrez E, Omara Enayat A, Morsy Safaa M, Hussein Jihan
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt; Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2021 Aug;155:106566. doi: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2021.106566. Epub 2021 May 25.
The role of glucose transporters (GLUTs) in diabetes mellitus has become more prominent as a possible therapeutic target. In the present study, we aimed to compare the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) alone or loaded in ZnONPs or AgNPs on insulin signaling pathway and GLUTs expression in diabetic rats. In the experimental part, rats were divided into seven groups; control, diabetic, and the other five groups were diabetic received different treatments. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum level of insulin, insulin resistance (IR), and serum level of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) were evaluated. In addition, insulin expression in pancreatic islets was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis, and the expression of liver GLUTs 1, 2, and 4 and liver insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR). The results of the current study showed that ZnONPs, AgNPs, and DHA alone or loaded in ZnONPs or AgNPs attenuated levels of FBS, insulin and decreased IR in diabetic rats through enhancing the expression of GLUTs as well as IRS-1 and PI3K. Furthermore, AgNPs loaded with DHA showed the most significance with high comparability to the control group. In conclusion, this study elucidated the role of GLUTs and IRS-1 in diabetes and introduced novel characteristics of ZnONPs, AgNPs, and DHA alone or loaded in ZnONPs or AgNPs as a therapeutic modality to activate GLUTs and IRS1, which may be beneficial for diabetic patients with IR.
葡萄糖转运蛋白（GLUTs）在糖尿病中作为一个可能的治疗靶点，其作用愈发显著。在本研究中，我们旨在比较氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnONPs）、银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）单独使用或负载于ZnONPs或AgNPs中对糖尿病大鼠胰岛素信号通路及GLUTs表达的影响。在实验部分，大鼠被分为七组；对照组、糖尿病组，另外五组为接受不同治疗的糖尿病组。评估空腹血糖（FBS）、胰岛素血清水平、胰岛素抵抗（IR）以及磷脂酰肌醇3激酶（PI3K）血清水平。此外，通过免疫组化分析评估胰岛中胰岛素的表达，并通过实时聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）评估肝脏GLUTs 1、2和4以及肝脏胰岛素受体底物-1（IRS-1）的表达。本研究结果表明，ZnONPs、AgNPs和DHA单独使用或负载于ZnONPs或AgNPs中，通过增强GLUTs以及IRS-1和PI3K的表达，降低了糖尿病大鼠的FBS、胰岛素水平并减轻了IR。此外，负载DHA的AgNPs表现出最显著的效果，与对照组具有高度可比性。总之，本研究阐明了GLUTs和IRS-1在糖尿病中的作用，并介绍了ZnONPs、AgNPs和DHA单独使用或负载于ZnONPs或AgNPs中的新特性，作为激活GLUTs和IRS1的治疗方式，这可能对患有IR的糖尿病患者有益。
