Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2021 Sep;19(9):585-599. doi: 10.1038/s41579-021-00559-y. Epub 2021 May 28.
The genus Prevotella includes more than 50 characterized species that occur in varied natural habitats, although most Prevotella spp. are associated with humans. In the human microbiome, Prevotella spp. are highly abundant in various body sites, where they are key players in the balance between health and disease. Host factors related to diet, lifestyle and geography are fundamental in affecting the diversity and prevalence of Prevotella species and strains in the human microbiome. These factors, along with the ecological relationship of Prevotella with other members of the microbiome, likely determine the extent of the contribution of Prevotella to human metabolism and health. Here we review the diversity, prevalence and potential connection of Prevotella spp. in the human host, highlighting how genomic methods and analysis have improved and should further help in framing their ecological role. We also provide suggestions for future research to improve understanding of the possible functions of Prevotella spp. and the effects of the Western lifestyle and diet on the host-Prevotella symbiotic relationship in the context of maintaining human health.
普雷沃氏菌属包括 50 多种具有特征的物种，它们存在于各种自然栖息地，尽管大多数普雷沃氏菌属都与人类有关。在人类微生物组中，普雷沃氏菌属在各种身体部位高度丰富，是健康与疾病平衡的关键参与者。与饮食、生活方式和地理位置有关的宿主因素是影响人类微生物组中普雷沃氏菌属和菌株多样性和流行的基础。这些因素，以及普雷沃氏菌与微生物组其他成员的生态关系，可能决定了普雷沃氏菌对人类代谢和健康的贡献程度。在这里，我们综述了普雷沃氏菌属在人类宿主中的多样性、流行程度和潜在联系，强调了基因组方法和分析如何改进并应该进一步帮助构建其生态角色。我们还为未来的研究提供了建议，以提高对普雷沃氏菌属可能功能的理解，并了解西方生活方式和饮食对维持人类健康背景下宿主-普雷沃氏菌共生关系的影响。
