Division 3 Work and Health, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstr. 40-42, 10317, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Occup Rehabil. 2022 Mar;32(1):114-127. doi: 10.1007/s10926-021-09985-4. Epub 2021 May 29.
Purpose In Germany, return to work (RTW) after inpatient treatment for common mental disorders (CMDs) is a complex process at the intersection of the mental healthcare system and the workplace. This study examined (1) the time to first and full RTW and (2) associated factors among employees receiving inpatient treatment for CMDs. Methods In this prospective cohort study, employees receiving inpatient psychiatric or medical rehabilitation treatment for CMDs were interviewed by phone during their last week before discharge. Follow-up interviews were conducted after 6, 12, and 18 months. Health-, personal, and work-related factors were used from baseline measurement. Parametric survival analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with time to first and full RTW. Results A total of N = 269 participants who stayed at a psychiatric clinic or a medical rehabilitation facility were included. Almost all participants (n = 252, 94%) from both treatment settings reported a first RTW and a full RTW. The time to first and full RTW was shortest among participants from medical rehabilitation (both median 6 days) and longer among participants from psychiatric treatment (median 17 days to first RTW and 73 days to full RTW). While only health-related and personal factors were associated with time to first RTW, leadership quality and needed individual RTW support were associated with time to full RTW. Conclusions More attention to work accommodation needs for RTW in clinical practice and coordinated actions towards RTW in collaboration with key RTW stakeholders in the workplace may support a timely RTW.Clinical Registration Number DRKS00010903, retrospectively registered.
目的
在德国,因常见精神障碍(CMD)接受住院治疗后重返工作岗位(RTW)是医疗保健系统和工作场所交叉的一个复杂过程。本研究考察了(1)首次和完全 RTW 的时间,以及(2)接受 CMD 住院治疗的员工的相关因素。
方法
在这项前瞻性队列研究中,在出院前的最后一周,通过电话对接受住院精神科或医疗康复治疗的员工进行访谈。在 6、12 和 18 个月后进行随访访谈。基线测量时使用健康、个人和工作相关因素。进行参数生存分析以确定与首次和完全 RTW 时间相关的因素。
结果
共纳入 269 名在精神病诊所或医疗康复机构接受住院治疗的参与者。来自两种治疗环境的参与者(n=252,94%)几乎都报告了首次和完全 RTW。来自医疗康复的参与者首次和完全 RTW 的时间最短(中位数分别为 6 天),而来自精神科治疗的参与者时间较长(首次 RTW 的中位数为 17 天,完全 RTW 的中位数为 73 天)。虽然仅健康相关和个人因素与首次 RTW 时间相关,但领导素质和个体 RTW 支持需求与完全 RTW 时间相关。
结论
在临床实践中更多地关注 RTW 的工作适应需求,并与工作场所的关键 RTW 利益相关者合作开展协调行动以支持及时 RTW。DRKS00010903 号临床注册,回顾性注册。