Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2021 Aug;94(6):1375-1383. doi: 10.1007/s00420-021-01710-1. Epub 2021 May 30.
To investigate an association between quality-adjusted life years (QALY) and work-related stressors (job strain, effort/reward imbalance, and poor support from supervisor and coworkers), and estimate loss in QALY caused by these stressors.
A cross-sectional study investigated data from a third-wave survey (in December 2017) of a 2-year prospective cohort study of Japanese workers. At baseline (first-wave survey), 5000 participants were recruited from workers who registered with an internet survey company. A total of 2530 participants responded to the second-wave survey 1 year later. Participants were then further recruited to the third-wave survey. An online questionnaire collected information regarding health-related quality of life (measured by EQ-5D-5L), job strain, supervisor and coworker support (Brief Job Stress Questionnaire), effort/reward imbalance (Effort/reward Imbalance Questionnaire), and demographic variables (age, sex, education, occupation, work contract, smoking, and alcohol drinking). Multiple linear regression analysis of the QALY score calculated from responses to EQ-5D-5L was employed on standardized scores of the work-related stressors and adjusted for demographic variables (SPSS version 26).
Data of 1986 participants were analyzed. Job strain (unstandardized coefficient, b = - 0.013, p < 0.01) and effort/reward imbalance (b = - 0.011, p < 0.01) and coworker support (b = 0017, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with QALY score in the fully adjusted model.
Job strain, effort/reward imbalance, and poor coworker support may be associated with a reduced QALY score among workers. A substantial impairment in QALY associated with the work-related stressors indicates that workplace interventions targeting work-related stressors may be cost-effective.
探讨质量调整生命年（QALY）与与工作相关应激源（工作压力、努力-回报失衡、以及来自主管和同事的支持不足）之间的关系，并估计这些应激源导致的 QALY 损失。
一项横断面研究调查了日本工人为期 2 年的前瞻性队列研究的第三波调查（2017 年 12 月）的数据。在基线（第一波调查）时，从在互联网调查公司注册的工人中招募了 5000 名参与者。一年后，共有 2530 名参与者对第二波调查做出回应。然后，这些参与者进一步被招募到第三波调查中。在线问卷调查收集了与健康相关的生活质量（通过 EQ-5D-5L 测量）、工作压力、主管和同事支持（简要工作压力问卷）、努力-回报失衡（努力-回报失衡问卷）以及人口统计学变量（年龄、性别、教育程度、职业、工作合同、吸烟和饮酒）等信息。使用 SPSS 版本 26 对从 EQ-5D-5L 响应中计算出的 QALY 得分进行标准化分数的工作相关应激源的多元线性回归分析，并对人口统计学变量进行调整。
分析了 1986 名参与者的数据。在完全调整模型中，工作压力（未标准化系数，b= - 0.013，p<0.01）和努力-回报失衡（b= - 0.011，p<0.01）以及同事支持（b=0.017，p<0.01）与 QALY 评分显著相关。
工作压力、努力-回报失衡和较差的同事支持可能与工人的 QALY 评分降低有关。与工作相关应激源相关的 QALY 评分显著受损表明，针对工作相关应激源的工作场所干预措施可能具有成本效益。
