滥用药物：拟交感神经胺类。

Drugs of Abuse: Sympathomimetics.

机构信息

Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 720 Eskenazi Avenue, Fifth Third Bank Building - Third Floor, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 720 Eskenazi Avenue, Fifth Third Bank Building - Third Floor, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

出版信息

Crit Care Clin. 2021 Jul;37(3):487-499. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2021.03.002.

DOI:10.1016/j.ccc.2021.03.002

PMID:34053702

Abstract

Sympathomimetic drugs comprise a broad category of substances including both illicit and prescribed drugs that have deleterious effects when ingested or abused. The clinical syndromes that result from overstimulation of the sympathetic nervous system by reuptake inhibition of biogenic amines, such as norepinephrine and dopamine, carry significant morbidity. Recognition and awareness of the appropriate supportive measures are required to mitigate life-threatening complications of multiple organ systems. The sympathomimetic toxidrome is recognized by a constellation of symptoms including agitation, hyperthermia, tachycardia, and hypertension, and the primary treatment involves supportive care, including the liberal use of benzodiazepines.

摘要

拟交感胺药物包括一大类物质，包括非法和处方药物，当摄入或滥用时会产生有害影响。生物胺（如去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺）再摄取抑制引起的交感神经系统过度刺激导致的临床综合征会带来显著的发病率。为了减轻多器官系统的生命威胁并发症，需要识别和了解适当的支持措施。拟交感神经中毒症状表现为激越、发热、心动过速和高血压，主要治疗方法包括支持性护理，包括苯二氮䓬类药物的广泛使用。