Nwokocha Magdalene, Beaney Thomas, Holder Cheryl, Thaxter Nesbeth Karen, Whylie Natalie, Leitch Joan, Ferguson Trevor, Hosang Mark, Riley Vincent, Soyibo Adedamola, Oshi Daniel, Brown Paul, Paul Tomlin, Wilks Rainford, Poulter Neil R, Nwokocha Chukwuemeka
Department of Pathology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica.
Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, Stadium House, 68 Wood Lane, London W12 7RH, UK.
Eur Heart J Suppl. 2021 May 20;23(Suppl B):B82-B85. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/suab036. eCollection 2021 May.
There is evidence of an elevated risk of hypertension in populations that are primarily of African origin. Hypertension is predominantly asymptomatic, necessitating increased awareness. May Measurement Month was a descriptive, population-based, cross-sectional study of blood pressure (BP) screening and awareness campaign conducted in 2019 in a sample of 2550 participants (≥18 years) in Jamaica. In total, 1791 (70.2%) of the participants were female, 756 (29.6%) were male, with an average age of 49.3 years, and a body mass index (kg/m) of 28.5 (6.2). Of all participants, 2289 (89.8%) were black and 154 (6.0%) were of mixed races. Twenty-two (0.9%) had never had their BP measured, whereas 354 (13.9%) had their measurements more than a year ago, and 2129 (83.5%) had measured within the year. Of all 2550 participants, 1055 (41.4%) had hypertension, 69.9% of our subjects with hypertension were aware, whereas only 62.5% were on antihypertensive medication and 27.8% had controlled BP (systolic <140 mmHg and diastolic BP <90 mmHg). Of 660 participants on antihypertensive medication, 44.4% had controlled BP. Two hundred and seventy-six (15.4%) of women reported hypertension in a previous pregnancy. Hypertension with previous pregnancy was positively correlated with current elevation. These results suggest a high rate of raised BP among community dwellers whose hypertension had not been previously diagnosed by a health professional and warrant proactive approaches that promote community-based awareness, and regular measurements.
有证据表明，主要为非洲裔的人群患高血压的风险较高。高血压大多没有症状，因此有必要提高认识。“五月测量月”是一项基于人群的描述性横断面研究，于2019年在牙买加对2550名年龄≥18岁的参与者进行了血压筛查和宣传活动。总共有1791名（70.2%）参与者为女性，756名（29.6%）为男性，平均年龄为49.3岁，体重指数（kg/m）为28.5（6.2）。在所有参与者中，2289名（89.8%）为黑人，154名（6.0%）为混血。22名（0.9%）从未测量过血压，而354名（13.9%）在一年多以前测量过血压，2129名（83.5%）在当年测量过血压。在所有2550名参与者中，1055名（41.4%）患有高血压，69.9%的高血压患者知晓自己的病情，而只有62.5%正在服用降压药，27.8%的患者血压得到控制（收缩压<140 mmHg且舒张压<90 mmHg）。在660名服用降压药的参与者中，44.4%的患者血压得到控制。276名（15.4%）女性报告曾在既往妊娠期间患高血压。既往妊娠期间患高血压与当前血压升高呈正相关。这些结果表明，社区居民中血压升高的比例很高，他们的高血压此前未被卫生专业人员诊断出来，因此需要采取积极措施，提高社区意识并定期进行测量。
