Ogola Elijah N, Mbau Lilian, Gachemba Yubrine M, Gitura Bernard M, Barasa Felix A, Nguchu Hellen, Beaney Thomas, Xia Xin, Poulter Neil R
Department of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Nairobi, Ngong Road, Nairobi 00202, Kenya.
Kenya Cardiac Society, 4th Ngong Avenue Road, Upper Hill, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
Eur Heart J Suppl. 2021 May 20;23(Suppl B):B86-B88. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/suab040. eCollection 2021 May.
Elevated blood pressure (BP) is the leading cause of global mortality, but control rates remain poor because most patients, especially in Africa, are unaware. May Measurement Month (MMM) is an annual global BP screening campaign that was initiated by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) in 2017 to raise awareness of raised BP. Following participation in 2017 and 2018, Kenya participated again in 2019 and the results are reported here. Screening was carried out in 30 sites by volunteers coordinated by the Kenya Cardiac Society. Participants had three BP readings by standard methods with the last two being averaged and recorded. Heart rate, weight, height, socio-demographic parameters, and co-morbidities were documented. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP (SBP) ≥140 mmHg and/or a diastolic BP (DBP) ≥90 mmHg or being on treatment with at least one antihypertensive medication. A total of 33 992 participants were screened, mean age was 42.5 (SD 16.8) years and 58.7% of participants were female. Only 27.3% had their BPs checked within the preceding 12 months. After multiple imputation, 26.1% were hypertensive, of whom 34.5% were aware of their hypertension and 31.5% were on treatment. Of those on treatment, 59.7% were controlled translating to 18.8% of all hypertensives. Being on treatment for hypertension, overweight, obese or having had hypertension in previous pregnancy were associated with increased SBP and DBP, while diabetes was associated with raised SBP. Two-thirds of hypertensives were unaware. Only a third of those aware were on treatment, with about 60% of these controlled. Lack of awareness remains a significant barrier to BP control. Programmes to raise awareness such as MMM are significant in raising population awareness.
血压升高是全球死亡的主要原因，但控制率仍然很低，因为大多数患者，尤其是非洲的患者，并未意识到自己患有高血压。“五月测量月”（MMM）是一项年度全球血压筛查活动，由国际高血压学会（ISH）于2017年发起，旨在提高人们对血压升高的认识。在参与了2017年和2018年的活动后，肯尼亚于2019年再次参与，现将结果报告如下。筛查在30个地点由肯尼亚心脏病学会协调的志愿者进行。参与者通过标准方法进行了三次血压测量，最后两次测量结果取平均值并记录。记录了心率、体重、身高、社会人口统计学参数和合并症。高血压定义为收缩压（SBP）≥140 mmHg和/或舒张压（DBP）≥90 mmHg，或正在接受至少一种抗高血压药物治疗。共有33992名参与者接受了筛查，平均年龄为42.5（标准差16.8）岁，58.7%的参与者为女性。只有27.3%的人在过去12个月内检查过血压。经过多重填补后，26.1%的人患有高血压，其中34.5%的人知道自己患有高血压，31.5%的人正在接受治疗。在接受治疗的人中，59.7%的人血压得到控制，相当于所有高血压患者的18.8%。接受高血压治疗、超重、肥胖或既往妊娠时有高血压与收缩压和舒张压升高有关，而糖尿病与收缩压升高有关。三分之二的高血压患者未意识到自己患病。只有三分之一意识到自己患病的人接受了治疗，其中约60%的人血压得到控制。缺乏认识仍然是血压控制的一个重大障碍。像“五月测量月”这样提高认识的项目对于提高公众意识具有重要意义。
