State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2021 May 14;12:676046. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.676046. eCollection 2021.
Non-infectious uveitis is an inflammatory disorder of the eye that accounts for severe visual loss without evident infectious agents. While T cells are supposed to dominate the induction of inflammation in non-infectious uveitis, the role of B cells in the pathogenesis of this disease is obscure. Therefore, this review aimed to discuss diverse B-cell participation in different non-infectious uveitides and their roles in the pathogenesis of this disease as well as the mechanism of action of rituximab. Increasing evidence from experimental models and human non-infectious uveitis has suggested the participation of B cells in non-infectious uveitis. The participation levels vary in different uveitides. Furthermore, B cells play multiple roles in the pathogenic mechanisms. B cells produce autoantibodies, regulate T cell responses antibody-independent functions, and constitute ectopic lymphoid structures. Regulatory B cells perform pivotal anti-inflammatory functions in non-infectious uveitis. Rituximab may work by depleting pro-inflammatory B cells and restoring the quantity and function of regulatory B cells in this disease. Identifying the levels of B-cell participation and the associated roles is beneficial for optimizing therapy. Diversified experimental model choices and emerging tools and/or methods are conducive for future studies on this topic.
非感染性葡萄膜炎是一种眼部炎症性疾病，其特征为严重的视力丧失，而无明显的感染因子。虽然 T 细胞被认为在非感染性葡萄膜炎的炎症诱导中占主导地位，但 B 细胞在该疾病发病机制中的作用尚不清楚。因此，本综述旨在讨论 B 细胞在不同的非感染性葡萄膜炎中的不同参与及其在该疾病发病机制中的作用，以及利妥昔单抗的作用机制。越来越多的实验模型和人类非感染性葡萄膜炎的证据表明 B 细胞参与了非感染性葡萄膜炎。参与程度在不同的葡萄膜炎中有所不同。此外，B 细胞在发病机制中发挥多种作用。B 细胞产生自身抗体、调节 T 细胞反应的抗体非依赖性功能，并构成异位淋巴样结构。调节性 B 细胞在非感染性葡萄膜炎中发挥重要的抗炎作用。利妥昔单抗可能通过清除促炎 B 细胞并恢复该疾病中调节性 B 细胞的数量和功能来发挥作用。确定 B 细胞参与的程度和相关作用有助于优化治疗。多样化的实验模型选择以及新兴的工具和/或方法有助于该主题的未来研究。
