Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
Food Funct. 2021 Jul 21;12(14):6136-6156. doi: 10.1039/d1fo00661d. Epub 2021 May 31.
The internal circadian clock in mammals drives whole-body biological activity rhythms. The clock reflects changes in external signals by controlling enzyme functions and the release of hormones involved in metabolic processes. Thus, misalignments between the circadian clock and an individual's daily schedule are recognized to be related to various metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. Although evidence has shown the existence of a complex relationship between circadian clock regulation and daily food intake, the regulatory effects of phytochemicals on the circadian clock remain unclarified. To better elucidate these relationships/effects, the circadian system components in mammals, circadian misalignment-related metabolic diseases, circadian rhythm-adjusting phytochemicals (including the heterocycles, acids, flavonoids and others) and the potential mechanisms (including the regulation of clock genes/proteins, metabolites of gut microbiota and secondary metabolites) are reviewed here. The bioactive components of functional foods discussed in this review could be considered potentially effective factors for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders related to circadian misalignment.
哺乳动物的内部生物钟驱动全身的生物活动节律。生物钟通过控制酶的功能和代谢过程中涉及的激素的释放来反映外部信号的变化。因此，人们认识到生物钟与个人日常作息时间的不匹配与各种代谢疾病有关，如肥胖和糖尿病。尽管有证据表明生物钟调节和每日食物摄入之间存在复杂的关系，但植物化学物质对生物钟的调节作用仍不清楚。为了更好地阐明这些关系/影响，本文综述了哺乳动物的生物钟系统成分、与生物钟失调相关的代谢性疾病、调节生物钟的植物化学物质（包括杂环、酸、类黄酮等）以及潜在的机制（包括时钟基因/蛋白的调节、肠道微生物群的代谢物和次生代谢物）。本综述讨论的功能性食品的生物活性成分可以被认为是预防和治疗与生物钟失调相关的代谢紊乱的潜在有效因素。
