Department of Psychiatry, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.
Clinical Services, Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2021 Jun 1;21(1):398. doi: 10.1186/s12913-021-06358-8.
The role of healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic may make them more susceptible to anxiety than the general population. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and evaluate the potential effects of resilience, neuroticism, social support, and other sociodemographic factors on anxiety among HCWs from two African countries.
A cross-sectional survey of 373 HCWs was conducted in Botswana and Nigeria, using an anxiety rating scale, neuroticism subscale of Big Five Inventory, Oslo social support scale, and Resilience Scale. Data collection was done between May 1 and September 30, 2020.
The participants' mean age (SD) was 38.42 (8.10) years, and 65.1% were females. Forty-nine (13.1%) of the HCWs reported clinical anxiety. In the final model of hierarchical multiple regression, neuroticism (B = 0.51, t = 10.59, p = p < 0.01), resilience (B = 0.34, t = - 7.11, p < 0.01), and social support (B = 0.079, t = - 2.11, p = 0.035) were associated with severe anxiety, after controlling for the significant sociodemographic factors.
Severe anxiety exists among HCWs in Africa, although the rate was lower than reported elsewhere. Neuroticism, resilience, and social support may be vital targets for psychological intervention in a pandemic as COVID-19; thus, their roles should be further explored.
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，医护人员（HCWs）的角色可能使他们比一般人群更容易焦虑。本研究旨在确定焦虑症的患病率，并评估韧性、神经质、社会支持和其他社会人口因素对来自两个非洲国家的 HCWs 焦虑症的潜在影响。
在博茨瓦纳和尼日利亚进行了一项横断面调查，共有 373 名 HCWs 参与，使用焦虑量表、大五人格神经质分量表、奥斯陆社会支持量表和韧性量表。数据收集于 2020 年 5 月 1 日至 9 月 30 日进行。
参与者的平均年龄（SD）为 38.42（8.10）岁，其中 65.1%为女性。49 名（13.1%）HCWs 报告存在临床焦虑。在分层多元回归的最终模型中，神经质（B=0.51，t=10.59，p<0.01）、韧性（B=0.34，t=-7.11，p<0.01）和社会支持（B=0.079，t=-2.11，p=0.035）与严重焦虑相关，在控制了重要的社会人口因素后。
尽管非洲 HCWs 的焦虑症发生率低于其他地方报告的水平，但仍存在严重的焦虑症。神经质、韧性和社会支持可能是 COVID-19 大流行期间心理干预的重要目标；因此，应进一步探讨它们的作用。
