Manea Dan, Ienciu Anișoara Aurelia, Ștef Ramona, Peț Ioan, Șmuleac Laura, Grozea Ioana, Cărăbeț Alin, Drăghici George Andrei, Nica Dragoș Vasiles
Faculty of Agriculture, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Mihai I of Romania", Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timişoara, Romania.
Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Mihai I of Romania", Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timişoara, Romania.
Animals (Basel). 2021 May 15;11(5):1420. doi: 10.3390/ani11051420.
(1) Background: Hibernation in pens covered with LFC was associated with high mortality of snails in Romanian snail farms. This three-year study aimed to develop a simple, but effective system for protecting breeders in colder climates. (2) Methods: The first phase investigated the (pre)hibernal burrowing behavior and the overwintering habitat choice. Protective structures based on straw, LFC, and/or HDPE were tested at pilot level (no snails). The most suitable system was applied under farm conditions. (3) Results: Wood and ridge-tile micro shelters were significantly preferred to corrugated iron micro shelters. Burrowing specimens acted as shallow-burrowers, and this behaviorwas significantly more common for looser soils. All pilot systems displayed significantly higher thermal protection efficiency compared to the sole use of LFC. The balance between straw moistening and thermal protection favored using structure soil/LFC/straw/10-cm air cushion/HDPE. Its use yielded significantly higher survival compared to the sole use of LFC. Most hibernating snails clustered together in large groups, attached on the lower surface of micro shelters. Predator occurrence appeared to marginally affect overwintering survival. (4) Conclusions: The "sandwich" system could be an effective solution for overwintering mature snails in colder climates.
(1) 背景：在罗马尼亚蜗牛养殖场，用落叶松针叶覆盖的围栏中的冬眠与蜗牛的高死亡率相关。这项为期三年的研究旨在开发一种简单但有效的系统，用于在较寒冷气候下保护种螺。(2) 方法：第一阶段研究了（冬眠前的）掘穴行为和越冬栖息地选择。在试点水平（无蜗牛）测试了基于稻草、落叶松针叶和/或高密度聚乙烯的保护结构。在农场条件下应用了最合适的系统。(3) 结果：与波纹铁皮微庇护所相比，木质和屋脊瓦微庇护所明显更受青睐。掘穴的蜗牛表现为浅掘穴者，这种行为在较疏松的土壤中更为常见。与仅使用落叶松针叶相比，所有试点系统都显示出显著更高的热保护效率。稻草保湿和热保护之间的平衡有利于使用结构土/落叶松针叶/稻草/10厘米气垫/高密度聚乙烯。与仅使用落叶松针叶相比，其使用产生了显著更高的存活率。大多数冬眠的蜗牛聚集在一起形成大群体，附着在微庇护所的下表面。捕食者的出现似乎对越冬存活率有轻微影响。(4) 结论：“三明治”系统可能是在较寒冷气候下使成熟蜗牛越冬的有效解决方案。
