Rydén Anneli, Jensen-Waern Marianne, Nyman Görel, Olsén Lena
Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
Animals (Basel). 2021 May 21;11(6):1482. doi: 10.3390/ani11061482.
Reliable protocols for short-term anesthetics are essential to safeguard animal welfare during medical investigations. The aim of the study was to assess the adequacy and reliability of an anesthetic protocol and to evaluate physiological and clinical responses, in relation to the drug plasma concentrations, for pigs undergoing short-term anesthesia. A second aim was to see whether an intravenous dosage could prolong the anesthesia. The anesthesia was induced by an intramuscular injection of dexmedetomidine, tiletamine-zolazepam, and butorphanol in 12 pigs. In six of the pigs, a repeated injection intravenously of one-third of the initial dose was given after one hour. The physiological and clinical effects from induction to recovery were examined. Plasma concentrations of the drugs were analyzed and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Each drug’s absorption and time to maximal concentration were rapid. All pigs were able to maintain spontaneous respiration. The route of administration did not alter the half-life of the drug. The results suggest that intramuscular administration of the four-drug combination provides up to two hours of anesthesia with stable physiological parameters and an acceptable level of analgesia while maintaining spontaneous respiration. A repeated intravenous injection may be used to extend the time of anesthesia by 30 min.
可靠的短期麻醉方案对于在医学研究期间保障动物福利至关重要。本研究的目的是评估一种麻醉方案的充分性和可靠性，并评估接受短期麻醉的猪与药物血浆浓度相关的生理和临床反应。第二个目的是观察静脉给药是否能延长麻醉时间。对12头猪通过肌肉注射右美托咪定、替来他明-唑拉西泮和布托啡诺诱导麻醉。其中6头猪在1小时后静脉重复注射初始剂量的三分之一。检查从诱导到恢复的生理和临床效果。分析药物的血浆浓度并计算药代动力学参数。每种药物的吸收和达到最大浓度的时间都很快。所有猪都能够维持自主呼吸。给药途径未改变药物的半衰期。结果表明，肌肉注射四种药物的组合可提供长达两小时的麻醉，生理参数稳定，镇痛水平可接受，同时维持自主呼吸。重复静脉注射可用于将麻醉时间延长30分钟。
