Laboratorio de Química de Organismos Marinos, Instituto Patagónico del Mar, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), Puerto Madryn 9120, Chubut, Argentina.
Laboratorio de Oceanografía Biológica, Centro Para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR), CONICET, Puerto Madryn 9120, Chubut, Argentina.
Mar Drugs. 2021 May 11;19(5):267. doi: 10.3390/md19050267.
: Echinochrome A (EchA) is a pigment from sea urchins. EchA is a polyhydroxylated 1,4-naphthoquinone that contains several hydroxyl groups appropriate for free-radical scavenging and preventing redox imbalance. EchA is the most studied molecule of this family and is an active principle approved to be used in humans, usually for cardiopathies and glaucoma. EchA is used as a pharmaceutical drug. : A comprehensive literature and patent search review was undertaken using PubMed, as well as Google Scholar and Espacenet search engines to review these areas. : In the bloodstream, EchA can mediate cellular responses, act as a radical scavenger, and activate the glutathione pathway. It decreases ROS imbalance, prevents and limits lipid peroxidation, and enhances mitochondrial functions. Most importantly, EchA contributes to the modulation of the immune system. EchA can regulate the generation of regulatory T cells, inhibit pro-inflammatory IL-1β and IL-6 cytokine production, while slightly reducing IL-8, TNF-α, INF-α, and NKT, thus correcting immune imbalance. These characteristics suggest that EchA is a candidate drug to alleviate the cytokine storm syndrome (CSS).
: 海胆烯酮 A（EchA）是一种来自海胆的色素。EchA 是一种多羟基 1,4-萘醌，含有几个羟基，适合清除自由基和防止氧化还原失衡。EchA 是该家族中研究最多的分子，是一种已被批准用于人类的活性物质，通常用于治疗心脏病和青光眼。EchA 被用作一种药物。: 利用 PubMed、Google Scholar 和 Espacenet 搜索引擎进行了全面的文献和专利检索，以综述这些领域。: 在血液中，EchA 可以介导细胞反应，作为自由基清除剂，并激活谷胱甘肽途径。它可以减少 ROS 失衡，防止和限制脂质过氧化，并增强线粒体功能。最重要的是，EchA 有助于调节免疫系统。EchA 可以调节调节性 T 细胞的生成，抑制促炎细胞因子 IL-1β 和 IL-6 的产生，同时轻微减少 IL-8、TNF-α、INF-α 和 NKT，从而纠正免疫失衡。这些特性表明 EchA 是一种候选药物，可以缓解细胞因子风暴综合征（CSS）。
