Ward Rebecca A, Thompson George R, Villani Alexandra-Chloé, Li Bo, Mansour Michael K, Wuethrich Marcel, Tam Jenny M, Klein Bruce S, Vyas Jatin M
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 96817, USA.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 May 11;7(5):377. doi: 10.3390/jof7050377.
Coccidioidomycosis, otherwise known as Valley Fever, is caused by the dimorphic fungi and . While most clinical cases present with self-limiting pulmonary infection, dissemination of spp. results in prolonged treatment and portends higher mortality rates. While the structure, genome, and niches for have provided some insight into the pathogenesis of disease, the underlying immunological mechanisms of clearance or inability to contain the infection in the lung are poorly understood. This review focuses on the known innate and adaptive immune responses to and highlights three important areas of uncertainty and potential approaches to address them. Closing these gaps in knowledge may enable new preventative and therapeutic strategies to be pursued.
球孢子菌病，又称山谷热，由双相真菌和引起。虽然大多数临床病例表现为自限性肺部感染，但球孢子菌属的传播会导致治疗时间延长，并预示着更高的死亡率。虽然球孢子菌的结构、基因组和生态位为疾病的发病机制提供了一些见解，但对清除感染或无法控制肺部感染的潜在免疫机制了解甚少。本综述重点关注已知的针对球孢子菌的固有免疫和适应性免疫反应，并强调了三个重要的不确定领域以及解决这些问题的潜在方法。填补这些知识空白可能会促成新的预防和治疗策略的探索。
