Toncelli Alessandra
Dipartimento di Fisica "E. Fermi", Università di Pisa, Largo B, Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, Largo B, Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
Materials (Basel). 2021 May 20;14(10):2679. doi: 10.3390/ma14102679.
Electrospinning is an effective and inexpensive technique to grow polymer materials in nanofiber shape with exceptionally high surface-area-to-volume ratio. Although it has been known for about a century, it has gained much interest in the new millennium thanks to its low cost and versatility, which has permitted to obtain a large variety of multifunctional compositions with a rich collection of new possible applications. Rare-earth doped materials possess many remarkable features that have been exploited, for example, for diode pumped bulk solid-state lasers in the visible and near infrared regions, or for biomedical applications when grown in nanometric form. In the last few decades, electrospinning preparation of rare-earth-doped crystal nanofibers has been developed and many different materials have been successfully grown. Crystal host, crystal quality and nanosized shape can deeply influence the optical properties of embedded rare earth ions; therefore, a large number of papers has recently been devoted to the growth and characterization of rare earth doped nanofibers with the electrospinning technique and an up-to-date review of this rapidly developing topic is missing; This review paper is devoted to the presentation of the main results obtained in this field up to now with particular insight into the optical characterization of the various materials grown with this technique.
静电纺丝是一种有效且廉价的技术，可用于生长具有极高表面积与体积比的纳米纤维状聚合物材料。尽管它已问世约一个世纪，但在新千年里因其低成本和多功能性而备受关注，这使得能够获得大量具有丰富新应用可能性的多功能组合物。稀土掺杂材料具有许多显著特性，例如已被用于可见光和近红外区域的二极管泵浦块状固态激光器，或以纳米形式生长时用于生物医学应用。在过去几十年中，稀土掺杂晶体纳米纤维的静电纺丝制备技术得到了发展，许多不同的材料已成功生长出来。晶体基质、晶体质量和纳米尺寸形状会深刻影响嵌入稀土离子的光学性质；因此，最近有大量论文致力于用静电纺丝技术生长稀土掺杂纳米纤维及其表征，而对于这个快速发展的主题却缺少最新综述；这篇综述论文致力于介绍该领域迄今为止取得的主要成果，并特别深入探讨用此技术生长的各种材料的光学表征。
