George Elisabeth A, Baranwal Navya, Kang Jae H, Qureshi Abrar A, Drucker Aaron M, Cho Eunyoung
Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 May 12;13(10):2344. doi: 10.3390/cancers13102344.
(1) The incidence of skin cancer is increasing in the United States (US) despite scientific advances in our understanding of skin cancer risk factors and treatments. In vitro and in vivo studies have provided evidence that suggests that certain photosensitizing medications (PSMs) increase skin cancer risk. This review summarizes current epidemiological evidence on the association between common PSMs and skin cancer. (2) A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify meta-analyses, observational studies and clinical trials that report on skin cancer events in PSM users. The associated risks of keratinocyte carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma) and melanoma are summarized, for each PSM. (3) There are extensive reports on antihypertensives and statins relative to other PSMs, with positive and null findings, respectively. Fewer studies have explored amiodarone, metformin, antimicrobials and vemurafenib. No studies report on the individual skin cancer risks in glyburide, naproxen, piroxicam, chlorpromazine, thioridazine and nalidixic acid users. (4) The research gaps in understanding the relationship between PSMs and skin cancer outlined in this review should be prioritized because the US population is aging. Thus the number of patients prescribed PSMs is likely to continue to rise.
(1) 尽管在我们对皮肤癌风险因素和治疗方法的理解上取得了科学进展，但美国皮肤癌的发病率仍在上升。体外和体内研究提供的证据表明，某些光敏药物（PSMs）会增加皮肤癌风险。本综述总结了关于常见光敏药物与皮肤癌之间关联的当前流行病学证据。(2) 进行了全面的文献检索，以确定报告光敏药物使用者皮肤癌事件的荟萃分析、观察性研究和临床试验。针对每种光敏药物，总结了角质形成细胞癌（鳞状细胞癌和基底细胞癌）和黑色素瘤的相关风险。(3) 相对于其他光敏药物，关于抗高血压药和他汀类药物的报道广泛，分别有阳性和阴性结果。探索胺碘酮、二甲双胍、抗菌药物和维莫非尼的研究较少。没有研究报告使用格列本脲、萘普生、吡罗昔康、氯丙嗪、硫利达嗪和萘啶酸的个体患皮肤癌的风险。(4) 由于美国人口老龄化，本综述中概述的在理解光敏药物与皮肤癌之间关系方面的研究空白应被优先考虑。因此，开具光敏药物处方的患者数量可能会继续增加。
