School of Applied Health and Social Care & Social Work, Faculty of Health, Social Care & Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK.
School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
Nutrients. 2021 May 13;13(5):1652. doi: 10.3390/nu13051652.
Good maternal nutrition is key to optimal maternal and foetal health. A poor-quality diet is often associated with obesity, and the prevalence and severity of maternal obesity has increased significantly in recent years. This study observed dietary intakes in pregnant women living with obesity and assessed the quality of their diet. In total, 140 women with a singleton pregnancy, aged > 18 years and BMI ≥ 35 kg/m, were recruited from antenatal clinics, weighed and completed food diaries at 16-, 28- and 36-weeks' gestation. Clinical data were recorded directly from the women's medical records. Nutrient intake was determined using 'Microdiet', then compared to Dietary Reference Values (DRVs). Energy intakes were comparable with DRVs, but intakes of sugar and saturated fatty acids were significantly higher. Intake of fibre and several key micronutrients (Iron, Iodine, Folate and Vitamin D) were significantly low. Several adverse obstetric outcomes were higher than the general obstetric population. Women with obesity, often considered 'over nourished', may have diets deficient in essential micronutrients, often associated with poor obstetric outcomes. To address the intergenerational transmission of poor health via poor diets warrants a multi-disciplinary approach focusing away from 'dieting' onto positive messages, emphasising key nutrients required for good maternal and foetal health.
良好的孕产妇营养是实现最佳孕产妇和胎儿健康的关键。不良的饮食质量通常与肥胖有关，近年来，孕产妇肥胖的流行率和严重程度显著增加。本研究观察了肥胖孕产妇的饮食摄入情况，并评估了其饮食质量。共有 140 名年龄>18 岁且 BMI≥35kg/m 的单胎妊娠肥胖孕妇参与了该研究，她们在妊娠 16、28 和 36 周时接受了体重测量和饮食日记填写。临床数据直接从女性的病历中记录。使用“Microdiet”确定营养素摄入量，然后与膳食参考值（DRV）进行比较。能量摄入量与 DRV 相当，但糖和饱和脂肪酸的摄入量明显较高。膳食纤维和几种关键微量营养素（铁、碘、叶酸和维生素 D）的摄入量明显较低。一些不良的产科结局高于一般产科人群。肥胖的女性，通常被认为是“营养过剩”，可能饮食中缺乏必需的微量营养素，这通常与不良的产科结局有关。为了解决通过不良饮食导致的不良健康在代际间的传递，需要采取多学科的方法，避免关注“节食”，而应强调为母婴健康提供必需营养素的积极信息。
