Li I-Chen, Lin Ting-Wei, Lee Tung-Yen, Lo Yun, Jiang Yih-Min, Kuo Yu-Hsuan, Chen Chin-Chu, Chang Fang-Chia
Biotech Research Institute, Grape King Bio Ltd., Taoyuan 320, Taiwan.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 May 10;7(5):371. doi: 10.3390/jof7050371.
The present study aimed to explore whether water and ethanol extracts of mycelia produce sedative and hypnotic effects in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were surgically implanted with two electroencephalogram electrodes on the skull and an electromyogram electrode on neck muscle to evaluate the alterations in rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep after oral administration of the water and ethanol extracts. Following post-surgical recovery, thirty-six rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups and two control groups. They were treated orally with vehicle, 75 and 150 mg/kg doses of water and ethanolic extracts 15 min prior to the onset of dark (active) period. Electroencephalography results showed that the low dose of mycelia water extract increased REM sleep time while the high dose enhanced both REM and NREM sleep times during the subsequent light (rest) period. On the other hand, although the low dose of mycelia ethanolic extract did not alter both NREM sleep and REM sleep during the dark and light periods, the high dose increased both REM and NREM sleep during the light periods in naive rats. The HPLC-DAD analyses of both extracts allowed the identification of GABA and seven sesquiterpenoids. Based on these findings, the present study showed for the first time that water and ethanolic extracts of mycelia, containing a source of biologically active compounds, could increase both NREM sleep and REM sleep during the rest period and may be useful for the treatment of insomnia.
本研究旨在探讨菌丝体的水提取物和乙醇提取物是否对大鼠产生镇静和催眠作用。对雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠进行手术，在其颅骨上植入两个脑电图电极，在颈部肌肉上植入一个肌电图电极，以评估口服水提取物和乙醇提取物后快速眼动（REM）睡眠和非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠的变化。术后恢复后，将36只大鼠随机分为四个治疗组和两个对照组。在黑暗（活跃）期开始前15分钟，给它们口服赋形剂、75和150mg/kg剂量的水提取物和乙醇提取物。脑电图结果显示，低剂量的菌丝体水提取物增加了REM睡眠时间，而高剂量在随后的光照（休息）期增强了REM和NREM睡眠时间。另一方面，虽然低剂量的菌丝体乙醇提取物在黑暗和光照期均未改变NREM睡眠和REM睡眠，但高剂量在未处理大鼠的光照期增加了REM和NREM睡眠。对两种提取物的HPLC-DAD分析鉴定出了GABA和七种倍半萜类化合物。基于这些发现，本研究首次表明，含有生物活性化合物来源的菌丝体水提取物和乙醇提取物可在休息期增加NREM睡眠和REM睡眠，可能对失眠治疗有用。
