Czyżak-Runowska Grażyna, Wójtowski Jacek Antoni, Danków Romualda, Stanisławski Daniel
Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Science, Złotniki, ul. Słoneczna 1, 62-002 Suchy Las, Poland.
Department of Dairy Products Quality, Poznań University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2021 May 28;11(6):1590. doi: 10.3390/ani11061590.
The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, fatty acid profile, and values of healthy indices of milk from a specialized farm of Polish Coldblood mares of different ages, birth orders, and lactation stages. Milk samples ( = 48) were collected for analysis in weeks 10, 15, and 25 of lactation from mares aged between five and 14 years. The study showed that the stage of lactation has a significant effect on the fatty acid (FA) profile of the milk produced on the farm. The highest concentration of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FAs was found in milk produced from the 15th week of lactation. The milk was also characterized by low values of atherogenic and thrombogenic indices, which indicate the health benefits of milk with respect to the content of fatty acids and their potential to prevent or cause atherosclerosis and thrombosis. The study also found a significant correlation between the number of foalings (birth order), the fatty acid profile, and atherogenic index of milk produced on the farm. The findings from the study indicate that it is possible to modify the fatty acid profile of bulk tank milk through appropriate management of the age structure of the herd of mares. To confirm this dependence, the study will be continued on a larger group of mares.
本研究的目的是确定来自不同年龄、产次和泌乳阶段的波兰冷血母马专业养殖场的牛奶的化学成分、脂肪酸谱以及健康指数值。在泌乳第10周、15周和25周，从5至14岁的母马采集了48份牛奶样本进行分析。研究表明，泌乳阶段对该养殖场生产的牛奶的脂肪酸（FA）谱有显著影响。在泌乳第15周生产的牛奶中发现单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸的浓度最高。该牛奶还具有较低的致动脉粥样化指数和血栓形成指数值，这表明就脂肪酸含量及其预防或引发动脉粥样硬化和血栓形成的可能性而言，牛奶对健康有益。研究还发现该养殖场生产的牛奶的产驹数（产次）、脂肪酸谱和致动脉粥样化指数之间存在显著相关性。研究结果表明，通过对母马群体年龄结构进行适当管理，可以改变贮奶罐中牛奶的脂肪酸谱。为了证实这种相关性，将对更大群体的母马继续进行研究。
