Weyandt Lisa L, Gudmundsdottir Bergljót Gyda, Shepard Emily, Brick Leslie, Buchanan Ashley, Clarkin Christine, Francis Alyssa, Marraccini Marisa
University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
University of Iceland, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland.
Pharmacy (Basel). 2021 May 28;9(2):106. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy9020106.
Nonmedical use of prescription opioid medication (NMPO) in the United States is a public health crisis, resulting in high rates of emergency room visits, morbidity, and mortality. The purpose of this study was to explore prevalence estimates and correlates of NMPO among a convenience sample of college students in the northeast and southeast regions of the US to help generate directions for future research. Motivations for misuse, age of onset, access, concomitant substance use, and individual factors were investigated among a sample of undergraduate students from two universities. Participants ( = 847) completed a battery of various self-report measures. Findings revealed that 7.7% (Southeastern University) and 12.8% of students (Northeastern University) reported lifetime NMPO, whereas past-month NMPO was reported by 0.8% and 0.9% of participants, respectively. Lifetime history of regularly using alcohol, nonmedical use of benzodiazepine medication, nonmedical use of prescription stimulants, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and executive functioning (i.e., metacognition and behavioral regulation) were significantly related to lifetime history of NMPO in this college sample. These findings offer several potential subsequent lines of investigation regarding the associations between various demographic and psychological factors and NMPO. Future research is needed to help identify college students who are at risk of NMPO.
在美国，非医疗目的使用处方类阿片药物（NMPO）是一场公共卫生危机，导致急诊室就诊率、发病率和死亡率居高不下。本研究旨在探讨美国东北部和东南部地区大学生便利样本中NMPO的流行率估计及其相关因素，以为未来研究提供方向。在来自两所大学的本科生样本中，对滥用动机、开始使用的年龄、获取途径、同时使用的其他药物以及个人因素进行了调查。参与者（n = 847）完成了一系列各种自我报告测量。结果显示，7.7%（东南大学）和12.8%的学生（东北大学）报告有过一生非医疗目的使用处方阿片类药物的情况，而过去一个月有过NMPO的参与者分别为0.8%和0.9%。经常饮酒的一生经历、非医疗目的使用苯二氮䓬类药物、非医疗目的使用处方兴奋剂、抑郁和焦虑症状以及执行功能（即元认知和行为调节）在这个大学生样本中与一生NMPO经历显著相关。这些发现为后续关于各种人口统计学和心理因素与NMPO之间关联的几条潜在研究路线提供了方向。需要开展进一步研究，以帮助识别有非医疗目的使用处方阿片类药物风险的大学生。
