Cluster of Competency "Health and Environment", Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50000, Morocco.
Environment and Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 27;18(11):5745. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18115745.
To assess whether knowledge, attitude, and perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic predicted changes in behaviors among the general Moroccan population, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted between 30 March and 20 April involving a total of 14,157 participants. The statistical analysis of the data included univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Our results suggest that less than ten days after the Moroccan government announced "Health state of Emergency" response to the COVID-19 outbreak, public knowledge, attitude and responses to the pandemic were relatively high. More than half the respondents (63.2%) reported that they complied with more than five of nine recommended safety measures, including avoiding going out (93.2%), and frequent handwashing with soap and water (78.2%). Factors associated with an increased likelihood to adopt safety measures included perceptions that COVID-19 was a human health risk, the pandemic will continue for a long time, availability of clear information, and a lack of medicine. The largest predictor of safety behavior change was age; participants older than 55 were more likely to adopt recommended safety behaviors. Although knowledge and perception among the general public was reasonable, more encouragement from government via health education programs is needed to maintain appropriate behaviors.
为了评估摩洛哥普通民众对 COVID-19 大流行的知识、态度和看法是否能预测其行为的变化,我们于 2020 年 3 月 30 日至 4 月 20 日期间开展了一项横断面在线调查,共涉及 14157 名参与者。对数据的统计分析包括单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。我们的研究结果表明,在摩洛哥政府宣布对 COVID-19 爆发采取“卫生紧急状态”应对措施不到十天后,公众对该大流行的知识、态度和应对措施相对较高。超过一半的受访者(63.2%)表示,他们遵守了九条建议的安全措施中的五条以上,包括避免外出(93.2%)和经常用肥皂和水洗手(78.2%)。与更有可能采取安全措施相关的因素包括认为 COVID-19 对人类健康构成威胁、大流行将持续很长时间、有明确的信息和药物短缺。安全行为改变的最大预测因素是年龄;年龄大于 55 岁的参与者更有可能采取建议的安全行为。尽管公众的知识和认知是合理的,但仍需要政府通过健康教育计划给予更多鼓励,以保持适当的行为。