Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Endocrinology and Investigation, Medicine School, Hospital Clinico Universitario, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2021 May 26;13(6):1811. doi: 10.3390/nu13061811.
The role of gene variants on metabolic improvements after weight change secondary to different hypocaloric diets remained unclear. We evaluate the effect of rs3774261 of polymorphism on biochemical improvements and weight change after high polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diet with a Mediterranean dietary pattern for 12 weeks. A population of 361 obese subjects was enrolled in an intervention trial with a calorie restriction of 500 calories over the usual intake and 45.7% of carbohydrates, 34.4% of fats, and 19.9% of proteins. The percentages of different fats was; 21.8% of monounsaturated fats, 55.5% of saturated fats, and 22.7% of polyunsaturated fats. Before and after intervention, an anthropometric study, an evaluation of nutritional intake and a biochemical evaluation were realized. All patients lost weight regardless of genotype and diet used. After 12 weeks with a similar improvement in weight loss (AA vs. AG vs. GG); total cholesterol (delta: -28.1 ± 2.1 mg/dL vs. -14.2 ± 4.1 mg/dL vs. -11.0 ± 3.9 mg/dL; = 0.02), LDL cholesterol (delta: -17.1 ± 2.1 mg/dL vs. -6.1 ± 1.9 mg/dL vs. -6.0 ± 2.3 mg/dL; = 0.01), triglyceride levels (delta: -35.0 ± 3.6 mg/dL vs. 10.1 ± 3.2 mg/dL vs. -9.7 ± 3.1 mg/dL; = 0.02), C reactive protein (CRP) (delta: -2.3 ± 0.1 mg/dL vs. -0.2 ± 0.1 mg/dL vs. -0.2 ± 0.1 mg/dL; = 0.02), serum adiponectin (delta: 11.6 ± 2.9 ng/dL vs. 2.1 ± 1.3 ng/dL vs. 3.3 ± 1.1 ng/dL; = 0.02) and adiponectin/leptin ratio (delta: 1.5 ± 0.1 ng/dL vs. 0.3 ± 0.2 ng/dL vs. 0.4 ± 0.3 ng/dL; = 0.03), improved only in AA group. AA genotype of (rs3774261) is related with a significant increase in serum levels of adiponectin and ratio adiponectin/leptin and decrease on lipid profile and C-reactive protein (CRP).
基因变异在不同低热量饮食引起的体重变化后的代谢改善中的作用仍不清楚。我们评估了 rs3774261 多态性对高多不饱和脂肪低热量饮食与地中海饮食模式联合应用 12 周后生化改善和体重变化的影响。一项肥胖人群干预试验纳入了 361 名肥胖患者，他们的热量限制为比平时摄入少 500 卡路里，碳水化合物占 45.7%，脂肪占 34.4%，蛋白质占 19.9%。不同脂肪的比例分别为：21.8%的单不饱和脂肪，55.5%的饱和脂肪和 22.7%的多不饱和脂肪。在干预前后，进行了人体测量研究、营养摄入评估和生化评估。所有患者无论基因型和所使用的饮食如何均减轻了体重。12 周后，体重减轻情况相似（AA 与 AG 与 GG）；总胆固醇（变化：-28.1 ± 2.1 mg/dL 与-14.2 ± 4.1 mg/dL 与-11.0 ± 3.9 mg/dL； = 0.02），LDL 胆固醇（变化：-17.1 ± 2.1 mg/dL 与-6.1 ± 1.9 mg/dL 与-6.0 ± 2.3 mg/dL； = 0.01），甘油三酯水平（变化：-35.0 ± 3.6 mg/dL 与 10.1 ± 3.2 mg/dL 与-9.7 ± 3.1 mg/dL； = 0.02），C 反应蛋白（CRP）（变化：-2.3 ± 0.1 mg/dL 与-0.2 ± 0.1 mg/dL 与-0.2 ± 0.1 mg/dL； = 0.02），血清脂联素（变化：11.6 ± 2.9 ng/dL 与 2.1 ± 1.3 ng/dL 与 3.3 ± 1.1 ng/dL； = 0.02）和脂联素/瘦素比值（变化：1.5 ± 0.1 ng/dL 与 0.3 ± 0.2 ng/dL 与 0.4 ± 0.3 ng/dL； = 0.03）仅在 AA 组改善。（rs3774261）的 AA 基因型与血清脂联素水平显著升高和脂联素/瘦素比值升高，以及血脂谱和 C 反应蛋白（CRP）降低有关。
