Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100091, China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Nutrients. 2021 May 24;13(6):1787. doi: 10.3390/nu13061787.
Population aging is a global phenomenon. The present study determined the effects of dietary diversity score (DDS) and food consumption on healthy aging. A subset of the data of the China Health and Nutrition Survey was utilized in this study. DDSs were calculated using the dietary data collected in the years 2009 and 2011. A healthy aging score (HAS) was calculated by summing the standardized scores on physical functional limitation, comorbidity, cognitive function, and psychological stress based on the data collected in the year 2015, with a lower HAS indicating a healthier aging process. Life quality was self-reported in the year 2015. This study found that DDS was inversely associated with HAS (T3 vs. T1: β -0.16, 95%CI -0.20 to -0.11, -trend <0.001). The consumption of meat and poultry, aquatic products, and fruits was inversely associated with HAS, and participants in the highest tertile of staple foods consumption had a higher HAS than those in the lowest tertile. HAS was inversely associated with good self-reported life quality and positively associated with bad life quality. In conclusion, food consumption may influence the aging process, and adherence to a diverse diet is associated with a healthier aging process in elderly people.
人口老龄化是一个全球性现象。本研究旨在探讨饮食多样性评分（DDS）和食物摄入量对健康老龄化的影响。本研究利用了中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）的数据子集。DDS 是根据 2009 年和 2011 年收集的饮食数据计算得出的。健康老龄化评分（HAS）是通过对 2015 年收集的身体功能受限、合并症、认知功能和心理压力的标准化评分进行求和计算得出的，HAS 越低表示老龄化过程越健康。生活质量是在 2015 年自我报告的。本研究发现，DDS 与 HAS 呈负相关（T3 与 T1 相比：β-0.16，95%CI-0.20 至-0.11，-趋势<0.001）。肉类、禽肉、水产品和水果的摄入量与 HAS 呈负相关，而主食摄入量最高 tertile 的参与者的 HAS 高于最低 tertile 的参与者。HAS 与良好的自我报告生活质量呈负相关，与不良的生活质量呈正相关。总之，食物摄入量可能会影响衰老过程，而饮食多样性与老年人更健康的衰老过程有关。
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