Rathnayake Dhanushka, Mun Hong Seok, Dilawar Muhammad Ammar, Baek Kwang Soo, Yang Chul Ju
Animal Nutrition and Feed Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea.
Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 PLUS), Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea.
Life (Basel). 2021 May 24;11(6):476. doi: 10.3390/life11060476.
Because the application of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) causes accelerated adverse effects on the animal diet, the scientific community has taken progressive steps to enhance sustainable animal productivity without using AGP in animal nutrition. Organic acids (OAs) are non-antibiotic feed additives and a promising feeding strategy in the swine and broiler industry. Mechanistically, OAs improve productivity through multiple and diverse pathways in: (a) reduction of pathogenic bacteria in the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) by reducing the gut pH; (b) boosting the digestibility of nutrients by facilitating digestive enzyme secretion and increasing feed retention time in the gut system; and (c) having a positive impact and preventing meat quality deterioration without leaving any chemical residues. Recent studies have reported the effectiveness of using encapsulated OAs and synergistic mechanisms of OAs combinations in swine and broiler productivity. On the other hand, the synergistic mechanisms of OAs and the optimal combination of OAs in the animal diet are not completely understood, and further intensive scientific explorations are needed. Moreover, the ultimate production parameters are not similar owing to the type of OAs, concentration level, growth phase, health status of animals, hygienic standards, and environmental factors. Thus, those factors need to be considered before implementing OAs in feeding practices. In conclusion, the current review evaluates the basics of OAs, mode of action, novel strategies to enhance utilization, influence on growth performances, nutrient digestibility, and meat quality traits of swine and broilers and their potential concerns regarding utilization.
由于抗生素生长促进剂（AGP）的应用会对动物日粮产生加速的不良影响，科学界已采取渐进措施，在动物营养中不使用AGP来提高可持续动物生产力。有机酸（OAs）是非抗生素饲料添加剂，是猪和肉鸡行业一种有前景的饲养策略。从机制上讲，有机酸通过多种不同途径提高生产力：（a）通过降低肠道pH值减少胃肠道（GIT）中的病原菌；（b）通过促进消化酶分泌和增加饲料在肠道系统中的停留时间来提高养分消化率；（c）产生积极影响并防止肉质恶化且不留下任何化学残留物。最近的研究报道了在猪和肉鸡生产中使用包囊有机酸和有机酸组合的协同机制的有效性。另一方面，有机酸的协同机制以及动物日粮中有机酸的最佳组合尚未完全了解，需要进一步深入的科学探索。此外，由于有机酸的类型、浓度水平、生长阶段、动物健康状况、卫生标准和环境因素，最终的生产参数并不相似。因此，在饲养实践中实施有机酸之前需要考虑这些因素。总之，本综述评估了有机酸的基础知识、作用方式、提高利用率的新策略、对猪和肉鸡生长性能、养分消化率和肉质性状的影响以及关于其利用的潜在问题。
