Sleep and Neurology Unit, Beau Soleil Clinic, Montpellier, France; EuroMov, Digital Health in Motion, University of Montpellier IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France.
Sleep and Neurology Unit, Beau Soleil Clinic, Montpellier, France.
Sleep Med. 2021 Jul;83:299-303. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.07.007. Epub 2020 Aug 30.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare genetic disorder that leads to copper overload, mainly in the liver then, in the brain. Patients with WD often complain about sleep disorders. We aimed to explore them.
PATIENTS/METHODS: Sleep complaints and disease symptoms were compared in 40 patients with WD (20 patients with hepatic phenotype matched to 20 neurologic one) and 40 age, sex and BMI matched healthy controls.
Patients with WD had more frequently (32.5 vs 10.0%, p < 0.05) and more severe (10.5 ± 6.0 vs 7.6 ± 4.8, p < 0.01) insomnia than controls and insomnia was more severe in neurologic than hepatic form of the disease (12.25 ± 5.89 vs 8.73 ± 5.8, p < 0.05). Insomnia severity was correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms (r = 0.53, p < 0.001). Compared to controls, patients reported more difficulties staying asleep and more consequences of insomnia on their quality of life. REM sleep behavior disorder was more frequent in WD (20 vs 0%, p = 0.005) than controls. Patients complained more frequently of nycturia (22.8 vs 7.6%, p = 0.003) than controls. Patients did not differ from controls for sleepiness, restless legs syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Patients did not report cataplexia.
In patients with WD, insomnia and REM sleep behavior disorder are the two main sleep complaints. Insomnia is more frequent in neurologic than hepatic form of the disease. Severity of insomnia is associated with the severity of depressive symptoms.
背景/目的：威尔逊病（WD）是一种罕见的遗传性疾病，导致铜过载，主要在肝脏，然后在大脑。WD 患者常抱怨睡眠障碍。我们旨在对此进行探讨。
患者/方法：将 40 例 WD 患者（20 例肝表型患者与 20 例神经表型患者匹配）和 40 例年龄、性别和 BMI 匹配的健康对照者的睡眠主诉和疾病症状进行比较。
WD 患者失眠的发生率（32.5%比 10.0%，p<0.05）和严重程度（10.5±6.0 比 7.6±4.8，p<0.01）均高于对照组，且神经表型 WD 患者的失眠更为严重（12.25±5.89 比 8.73±5.8，p<0.05）。失眠严重程度与抑郁症状严重程度相关（r=0.53，p<0.001）。与对照组相比，患者报告入睡困难更多，失眠对生活质量的影响更大。WD 患者 REM 睡眠行为障碍更为常见（20%比 0%，p=0.005）。WD 患者夜间多尿的发生率高于对照组（22.8%比 7.6%，p=0.003）。WD 患者与对照组相比，嗜睡、不宁腿综合征和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征无差异。患者未报告猝倒。
WD 患者的主要睡眠主诉为失眠和 REM 睡眠行为障碍。神经表型 WD 患者的失眠发生率高于肝表型 WD 患者。失眠严重程度与抑郁症状严重程度相关。
