Maryland Institute of Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2021 Jun 15;55(12):8128-8138. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00427. Epub 2021 Jun 2.
Hairdressers may be differentially exposed to phthalates through hair salon services provided and products used, yet no U.S. studies have investigated these exposures in this population. We characterized concentrations and exposure determinants to nine phthalate metabolites in postshift urine samples among 23 hairdressers from three Black and three Dominican salons, as well as a comparison group of 17 female office workers from the Maryland/Washington D.C. metropolitan area. Overall, hairdressers had higher metabolite concentrations than office workers. The geometric mean (GM) for monoethyl phthalate (MEP) was 10 times higher in hairdressers (161.4 ng/mL) than office workers (15.3 ng/mL). Hairdressers providing select services and using certain products had higher GM MEP concentrations than those who did not: permanent waves/texturizing (200.2 vs 115.4 ng/mL), chemical straightening/relaxing (181.6 vs 92.1 ng/mL), bleaching (182.3 vs 71.6 ng/mL), permanent hair color (171.9 vs 83.2 ng/mL), and Brazilian blowout/keratin treatments (181.4 vs 134.6 ng/mL). Interestingly, hairdressers providing natural services had lower GM MEP concentrations than those who did not: twists (129.1 vs 215.8 ng/mL), sister locs/locs (86.0 vs 241.9 ng/mL), and afros (94.7 vs 203.9 ng/mL). Larger studies are warranted to confirm our findings and identify disparities in occupational phthalate exposures.
美发师可能通过沙龙服务和使用的产品而接触到不同水平的邻苯二甲酸酯，但目前还没有美国的研究调查过该人群中的这些接触。我们在马里兰州/华盛顿特区大都市区的 17 名女性办公室工作人员的对照组中，描述了来自三个黑人美发沙龙和三个多米尼加美发沙龙的 23 名美发师在轮班后的尿液样本中九种邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物的浓度和暴露决定因素。总体而言，美发师的代谢物浓度高于办公室工作人员。美发师的单乙基邻苯二甲酸酯（MEP）几何平均值（GM）为 161.4ng/mL，是办公室工作人员（15.3ng/mL）的 10 倍。提供特定服务和使用某些产品的美发师比不提供这些服务和产品的美发师具有更高的 GM MEP 浓度：永久性卷发/纹理处理（200.2 vs 115.4ng/mL），化学拉直/松弛（181.6 vs 92.1ng/mL），漂白（182.3 vs 71.6ng/mL），永久性头发颜色（171.9 vs 83.2ng/mL）和巴西吹风/角蛋白处理（181.4 vs 134.6ng/mL）。有趣的是，提供天然服务的美发师的 GM MEP 浓度低于不提供这些服务的美发师：扭发（129.1 vs 215.8ng/mL），姐妹绺/绺发（86.0 vs 241.9ng/mL）和非洲式发型（94.7 vs 203.9ng/mL）。需要更大的研究来证实我们的发现，并确定职业邻苯二甲酸酯暴露的差异。
