Bluth Karen, Mullarkey Michael, Lathren Christine
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, CB 7200, UNC School of Medicine.
University of Texas; Austin, TX.
J Child Fam Stud. 2018 Sep;27(9):3037-3047. doi: 10.1007/s10826-018-1125-1. Epub 2018 Jun 15.
The adolescent developmental stage is characterized by multiple transitions, both physiological and environmental, and physical, cognitive and socioemotional growth that often leads to both challenges and opportunities. Developing coping strategies to contend with these challenges, such as strengthening resilience and being open to new experiences, can potentially facilitate traversing this developmental period with greater ease. Although previous research has supported the premise that self-compassion buffers the negative effects of these emotional challenges, little research to date has examined the link between strengths-based attributes such as resilience and curiosity/exploration (i.e., being open to and embracing new experiences) and self-compassion, and whether age or gender moderates these relationships. As such, the purpose of this study was to explore these relationships among a large adolescent sample. Results of 786 public school adolescents and 271 private school adolescents (68% white, 65% female, M=15.6) who responded to questions in an online survey indicated that self-compassion was positively associated with both curiosity/exploration and resilience, and gender moderated the relationship between self-compassion and resilience such that this association was stronger among males than females. Age did not moderate the relationship between self-compassion and either resilience or curiosity/exploration, indicating that self-compassion is associated with both resilience and curiosity/exploration at all ages across adolescence. Implications are that interventions that cultivate self-compassion among adolescents may strengthen resilience and curiosity/exploration, offering new and healthy ways to cope with these challenges leading to improved emotional well-being.
青少年发育阶段的特点是生理和环境方面的多重转变，以及身体、认知和社会情感的成长，这往往既带来挑战，也带来机遇。制定应对这些挑战的策略，比如增强心理韧性并乐于接受新体验，可能有助于更轻松地度过这个发育阶段。尽管先前的研究支持自我同情能缓冲这些情感挑战的负面影响这一前提，但迄今为止，很少有研究探讨心理韧性和好奇心/探索精神（即乐于接受并拥抱新体验）等基于优势的特质与自我同情之间的联系，以及年龄或性别是否会调节这些关系。因此，本研究的目的是在一个庞大的青少年样本中探索这些关系。786名公立学校青少年和271名私立学校青少年（68%为白人，65%为女性，平均年龄M = 15.6岁）参与了一项在线调查，回答了相关问题，结果表明，自我同情与好奇心/探索精神和心理韧性均呈正相关，性别调节了自我同情与心理韧性之间的关系，即这种关联在男性中比在女性中更强。年龄并未调节自我同情与心理韧性或好奇心/探索精神之间的关系，这表明在整个青春期的所有年龄段，自我同情都与心理韧性和好奇心/探索精神相关。这意味着在青少年中培养自我同情的干预措施可能会增强心理韧性和好奇心/探索精神，提供应对这些挑战的全新且健康的方式，从而改善情绪健康状况。
