Tarighat Samaneh, Krott Andrea
Faculty of Foreign Languages, Islamic Azad University Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran.
School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2021 May 17;12:679524. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.679524. eCollection 2021.
Bilingual speakers have often been found to be superior in taking the perspective of another person. Also, females are commonly found to have enhanced perspective taking (PT) abilities compared with males, with male PT being generally more easily affected by external factors. The present study investigated whether bilingualism improves PT in males more strongly than in females. In total, 108 bilingual and 108 matched monolingual adults, with equal numbers of males and females, filled in the PT subscale of the Interpersonal Reactivity index. While monolinguals showed the typical result of females scoring higher on PT than males, scores of male and female bilinguals did not differ, with both bilingual groups scoring as high as female monolinguals. Thus, bilingualism enhanced self-reported PT only in males, suggesting that male PT can be enhanced through socialization.
人们经常发现，双语者在换位思考方面表现更出色。此外，通常还发现女性相比男性具有更强的换位思考（PT）能力，男性的PT通常更容易受到外部因素的影响。本研究调查了双语能力对男性PT的提升作用是否比女性更强。共有108名双语成年人和108名匹配的单语成年人（男女数量相等）填写了人际反应指数的PT子量表。单语者呈现出典型的结果，即女性在PT上的得分高于男性，而双语男性和女性的得分没有差异，两个双语组的得分都与单语女性一样高。因此，双语能力仅在男性中增强了自我报告的PT，这表明男性的PT可以通过社会化得到增强。
