Damhorst Gregory L, Tyburski Erika A, Brand Oliver, Martin Greg S, Lam Wilbur A
Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Curr Opin Biomed Eng. 2019 Sep;11:22-34. doi: 10.1016/j.cobme.2019.08.012. Epub 2019 Sep 16.
Access to rapid diagnostic information is a core value of point-of-care (POC) technology. This is particularly relevant in acute, emergency, and critical care settings where diagnostic speed and precision directly guide the management of patients with potentially life-threatening conditions. Many POC diagnostics described in the literature, however, remain largely unproven and have yet to enter the market entirely. Only a few have traversed the translation and commercialization pathways to reach widespread clinical adoption. Moreover, even technologies that have successfully translated to the patient bedside still frequently lack an evidence base showing improvement of clinical outcomes. In this review, we present aspects of diagnosis of acute life-threatening diseases and describe the potential role of POC technologies, emphasizing the available evidence of clinical outcomes. Finally, we discuss what is needed to identify clinically meaningful new technologies and translate them toward the long-promised goal of better health through rapid POC diagnosis.
获取快速诊断信息是即时检验（POC）技术的核心价值。这在急性、急诊和重症监护环境中尤为重要，因为诊断速度和准确性直接指导对可能危及生命的疾病患者的管理。然而，文献中描述的许多即时检验诊断方法在很大程度上仍未得到验证，尚未完全进入市场。只有少数方法经过转化和商业化途径得以广泛应用于临床。此外，即使是已成功应用于患者床边的技术，通常仍缺乏显示临床结局改善的证据基础。在本综述中，我们介绍急性危及生命疾病的诊断方面，并描述即时检验技术的潜在作用，强调临床结局的现有证据。最后，我们讨论识别具有临床意义的新技术并将其转化为通过快速即时检验诊断实现改善健康这一长期目标所需的条件。
