Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, 105 Health and Human Development Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, John Hopkins University, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2021 Oct;129:108412. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108412. Epub 2021 Apr 15.
To evaluate racial (Black/White) differences in overdose response training and take-home naloxone (THN) possession and administration among clients and nonclients of the Baltimore syringe service program (SSP).
The study derived data from a cross-sectional survey of 263 (183 SSP clients, 80 nonclients) people who inject drugs (PWID). The study recruited SSP clients using targeted sampling and recruited nonclients through peer referral from April to November 2016.
In our sample, 61% of the participants were Black, 42% were between the ages of 18 and 44, and 70% were males. SSP clients, regardless of race, were more likely to have received overdose response training than Black nonclients (Black clients AOR: 3.85, 95% CI: 1.88, 7.92; White clients AOR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.29, 5.75). The study found no significant differences in overdose response training between Black and White nonclients. SSP clients and White nonclients were more likely to possess THN than Black nonclients (Black clients: AOR: 4.21, 95% CI: 2.00, 8.87; White clients: AOR: 3.54, 95% CI: 1.56, 8.04; White nonclients AOR: 4.49, 95% CI: 1.50,13.47).
SSP clients were more likely to receive overdose response training than their nonclient peers who they referred to the study, illustrating the utility of SSPs in reaching PWID at high risk of overdose. We also observed that Black PWID, who did not access services at the SSP, were the least likely to possess THN, suggesting the need to employ outreach targeting Black PWID who do not access this central harm reduction intervention.
评估巴尔的摩注射器服务项目（SSP）客户和非客户中，黑人和白人（黑人/白人）在过量反应培训和持有并使用纳洛酮方面的差异。
该研究从 2016 年 4 月至 11 月对 263 名（183 名 SSP 客户，80 名非客户）注射毒品者（PWID）进行了横断面调查，研究数据来源于该调查。该研究通过靶向抽样招募 SSP 客户，并通过同伴转介招募非客户。
在我们的样本中，61%的参与者是黑人，42%的人年龄在 18 岁至 44 岁之间，70%是男性。无论种族如何，SSP 客户接受过量反应培训的可能性都高于黑人非客户（黑人客户 AOR：3.85，95%CI：1.88，7.92；白人客户 AOR：2.73，95%CI：1.29，5.75）。研究发现，黑人非客户和白人非客户之间的过量反应培训没有显著差异。SSP 客户和白人非客户拥有 THN 的可能性高于黑人非客户（黑人客户：AOR：4.21，95%CI：2.00，8.87；白人客户：AOR：3.54，95%CI：1.56，8.04；白人非客户 AOR：4.49，95%CI：1.50，13.47）。
SSP 客户比他们的非客户同伴更有可能接受过量反应培训，这表明 SSP 在接触有过量风险的 PWID 方面具有实用性。我们还观察到，没有在 SSP 接受服务的黑人 PWID 拥有 THN 的可能性最低，这表明需要针对没有接受这种核心减少伤害干预措施的黑人 PWID 进行外展工作。
