Public Health Research Unit, Division of Community Health Promotion, Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, Florida (Mss Rodriguez, Joiner, and Jordan, Mr Duclos, and Dr Reid); and Department of Public Health, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee (Dr Kintziger). Ms Rodriguez is now with Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2022;28(2):E542-E551. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001365.
On October 10, 2018, Hurricane Michael made landfall near Mexico Beach, Florida, as one of the strongest storms on record to hit the US mainland. Hurricane Michael brought strong winds, heavy rain, and life-threatening storm surge, causing extensive damage across the Florida Panhandle.
To assess community preparedness and effects experienced by Panhandle residents, including structural and economic losses, injury and illness, health care access, and suicide risk and ideation in the counties most severely impacted by Hurricane Michael.
The Florida Department of Health conducted a Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) in October and November 2019, a year after Hurricane Michael made landfall. CASPER is a 2-stage cluster sampling method designed to provide household-level information about a community's needs in a timely, inexpensive, and representative manner.
A total of 30 clusters were randomly selected from Bay and Gulf Counties, Florida.
In total, 178 face-to-face interviews were completed with adult residents 18 years or older.
Hurricane-related impacts, including structural and economic losses, injury and illness, health care access; and mental health.
Almost half of respondents did not evacuate despite mandatory evacuation orders. Most houses (78.1%) received some damage, with more than half still not repaired 1 year later. Access to emergency supply kits, water, nonperishable foods, medications, and health care was common, though many reported needing supplies not included in their kit. Less than half reported having working household carbon monoxide detectors. Injuries and illnesses associated with the hurricane were uncommon; however, anxiety, depression, and insomnia were reported as occurring or worsening by more than one-third of respondents posthurricane.
Increased education and communication regarding hurricane preparedness and recovery, which include clearer messaging on evacuation, improving emergency supply kits, importance of carbon monoxide detectors, and proper generator use, could enhance the safety of the community.
2018 年 10 月 10 日，飓风迈克尔在佛罗里达州墨西哥海滩登陆，成为袭击美国大陆的最强风暴之一。飓风迈克尔带来强风和暴雨，以及危及生命的风暴潮，给佛罗里达州狭长地带造成广泛破坏。
评估狭长地带居民的社区准备情况和所经历的影响，包括结构和经济损失、伤害和疾病、获得医疗保健的机会以及在受飓风迈克尔影响最严重的县的自杀风险和意念。
佛罗里达州卫生部于 2019 年 10 月至 11 月进行了公共卫生应急反应社区评估（CASPER），这是在飓风迈克尔登陆一年后进行的。CASPER 是一种两阶段聚类抽样方法，旨在以及时、廉价和有代表性的方式提供社区家庭层面的需求信息。
从佛罗里达州的海湾县和格尔夫县随机抽取了 30 个集群。
共完成了 178 次对 18 岁及以上成年居民的面对面访谈。
与飓风有关的影响，包括结构和经济损失、伤害和疾病、获得医疗保健的机会；以及心理健康。
尽管有强制撤离命令，但近一半的受访者没有撤离。大多数房屋（78.1%）受到了一些损坏，一年后仍有一半以上的房屋未修复。虽然许多人报告说需要补充套件中没有的用品，但获得应急工具包、水、不易腐烂的食物、药物和医疗保健的机会很普遍。不到一半的人报告说他们有工作的家用一氧化碳探测器。与飓风有关的伤害和疾病并不常见；然而，超过三分之一的受访者报告说，飓风过后出现或恶化了焦虑、抑郁和失眠。
加强飓风防范和恢复方面的教育和沟通，包括更明确的撤离信息、改进应急工具包、一氧化碳探测器的重要性以及正确使用发电机，可以提高社区的安全性。
