School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Hui Medicine, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Oct 5;278:114252. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114252. Epub 2021 Jun 1.
Phlomoides umbrosa (Turcz.) Kamelin & Makhm (P. umbrosa, Lamiaceae) is also known as "Caosu" in China and "Han Sok-Dan" in Korea. It has been used as a traditional medicine for hundreds of years. This plant is not only as a traditional medicine to alleviate diseases such as colds, arthritis, osteoporosis, but also as a food additive.
This review provides up-to-date investigations of this plant, including its botany, traditional uses, pharmacology, phytochemistry, clinical research, cytotoxicity, and safety evaluation. The possible purposes and perspectives for future research of P. umbrosa are also discussed.
Information on the studies of P. umbrosa is collected from scientific journals and reports via library and electronic data search (PubMed, Baidu Academic, Google Scholar, Science Direct, ACS, Web of Science, and CNKI). Meanwhile, it is also obtained from published works of folk records, ethnopharmacological literature, Ph.D. and Masters Dissertation.
Phytochemical research reveals that this plant contains triterpenoids, iridoids, phenylethanoids, flavonoids, essential oil, microelement, etc. The extract of P. umbrosa exhibits extensive pharmacological activities including anti-osteoporosis, anti-allergic, anti-bacterial, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer. Almost no obvious toxicity or side effects is observed and recorded for P. umbrosa.
This review summarizes traditional uses, botany, pharmacology, phytochemistry, clinical research, cytotoxicity, and safety evaluation of P. umbrosa, and presents the constituents and their corresponding chemical structures found in P. umbrosa comprehensively for the first time. Meanwhile, modern pharmacological studies also are extensively investigated at present. It is worth mentioning that P. umbrosa promotes children's growth as well as the application of clinical research. Although there are clinical studies on P. umbrosa, its pharmacokinetics needs to be further elucidated. Besides, P. umbrosa is also limited in identifying active compounds and clarifying pharmacological mechanisms. Similarly, modern researches on the traditional application of P. umbrosa should also be urgently confirmed, such as treatment of fractures and hemostasis. It is believed that this review will provide a theoretical basis and valuable data for future in-depth research and application.
Phlomoides umbrosa（Turcz.）Kamelin & Makhm（P. umbrosa，唇形科）在中国也被称为“草苏”，在韩国被称为“韩所端丹”。它已被用作传统药物数百年。这种植物不仅是一种传统药物，可以缓解感冒、关节炎、骨质疏松症等疾病，还可用作食品添加剂。
本综述提供了对该植物的最新研究，包括其植物学、传统用途、药理学、植物化学、临床研究、细胞毒性和安全性评价。还讨论了 P. umbrosa 未来研究的可能目的和前景。
通过图书馆和电子数据检索（PubMed、百度学术、Google Scholar、Science Direct、ACS、Web of Science 和中国知网）从科学期刊和报告中收集关于 P. umbrosa 的研究信息。同时，还从民间记录、民族药理学文献、博士和硕士论文的已发表作品中获取相关信息。
植物化学研究表明，该植物含有三萜类、环烯醚萜类、苯乙醇类、黄酮类、精油、微量元素等。P. umbrosa 的提取物具有广泛的药理活性，包括抗骨质疏松症、抗过敏、抗菌、止痛、抗炎、抗氧化、抗癌。几乎没有观察到或记录到 P. umbrosa 的明显毒性或副作用。
本综述总结了 P. umbrosa 的传统用途、植物学、药理学、植物化学、临床研究、细胞毒性和安全性评价，并首次全面展示了 P. umbrosa 中发现的成分及其相应的化学结构。同时，目前也广泛研究了现代药理学研究。值得一提的是，P. umbrosa 促进儿童生长以及临床研究的应用。虽然已经有关于 P. umbrosa 的临床研究，但它的药代动力学仍需要进一步阐明。此外，P. umbrosa 在鉴定活性化合物和阐明药理机制方面也受到限制。同样，也应紧急确认 P. umbrosa 传统应用的现代研究，例如治疗骨折和止血。相信本综述将为未来的深入研究和应用提供理论基础和有价值的数据。
