Cell Division and Cytoskeleton, Danish Cancer Society Research Center (DCRC), Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Bioessays. 2021 Aug;43(8):e2100079. doi: 10.1002/bies.202100079. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
Continuous poleward motion of microtubules in metazoan mitotic spindles has been fascinating generations of cell biologists over the last several decades. In human cells, this so-called poleward flux was recently shown to be driven by the coordinated action of four mitotic kinesins. The sliding activities of kinesin-5/EG5 and kinesin-12/KIF15 are sequentially supported by kinesin-7/CENP-E at kinetochores and kinesin-4/KIF4A on chromosome arms, with the individual contributions peaking during prometaphase and metaphase, respectively. Although recent data elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying this cellular phenomenon, the functional roles of microtubule poleward flux during cell division remain largely elusive. Here, we discuss potential contribution of microtubule flux engine to various essential processes at different stages of mitosis.
在过去的几十年里，后生动物有丝分裂纺锤体中微管的连续向极运动一直令几代细胞生物学家着迷。在人类细胞中，最近的研究表明这种所谓的向极流动是由四种有丝分裂驱动蛋白的协调作用驱动的。在着丝粒处，由 kinesin-7/CENP-E 依次支持 kinesin-5/EG5 和 kinesin-12/KIF15 的滑动活性，在染色体臂处由 kinesin-4/KIF4A 支持，各自的贡献分别在前期和中期达到峰值。尽管最近的数据阐明了这一细胞现象的分子机制，但微管向极流动在细胞分裂过程中的功能作用在很大程度上仍不清楚。在这里，我们讨论了微管流动引擎在有丝分裂不同阶段的各种基本过程中的潜在贡献。
