Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Dev Psychobiol. 2021 Sep;63(6):e22148. doi: 10.1002/dev.22148. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
Biparental care is a hallmark of human social organization, though paternal investment varies between and within societies. The facultative nature of paternal care in humans suggests males should invest when their care improves child survival and/or quality, though testing this prediction can be challenging because of the difficulties of empirically isolating paternal effects from those of other caregivers. Additionally, the broader context in which care is provided, vis-à-vis care from mothers and others, may lead to different child outcomes. Here, we examine the effects of paternal care on child growth among Shodagor fisher-traders, where fathers provide high levels of both additive and substitutive care, relative to mothers. We modeled seasonal z-scores and velocities for height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) outcomes using linear mixed models. Our evidence indicates that, as predicted, the context of paternal care is an important predictor of child outcomes. Results show that environmental seasonality and alloparental help contribute to a nuanced understanding of the impact of Shodagor paternal care on child physiology.
双亲照料是人类社会组织的一个特点，尽管在不同社会和社会内部，父亲的投入存在差异。人类父亲照料的选择性表明，当父亲的照料能提高孩子的生存和（或）生活质量时，他们应该投入照料，尽管由于从其他照料者中分离出父亲的影响具有挑战性，因此验证这一预测可能具有一定难度。此外，与母亲和其他照料者相比，提供照料的更广泛背景可能会导致不同的儿童结果。在这里，我们研究了在提供高水平附加照料和替代照料的 Shodagor 渔民-商人中，父亲照料对儿童生长的影响。我们使用线性混合模型对身高、体重和体质指数（BMI）的季节性 z 分数和生长速度进行了建模。我们的证据表明，正如预测的那样，父亲照料的背景是儿童结果的一个重要预测因素。结果表明，环境季节性和代际帮助有助于深入了解 Shodagor 父亲照料对儿童生理的影响。
