She Xiaojun, Gao Xiujie, Wang Kun, Yang Honglian, Ma Kefeng, Cui Bo, Xi Zhuge
Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China.
J Occup Health. 2021 Jan;63(1):e12235. doi: 10.1002/1348-9585.12235.
To evaluate the immunotoxicity and effects of noise and/or low-concentration carbon monoxide (CO) exposure on immune organs and immune functions in rats.
Male Wistar rats exposed to 98 dB(A) white noise and/or 100 ppm CO 4 h/d for 30 d were used to determine the pathological changes in the thymus and spleen, and variations in leukocyte counts, inflammatory factors, and immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations.
The boundaries of the cortex and medulla of the thymus were unclear following noise and combined exposure. The pathological changes in spleen after CO and combined exposure included blurred boundaries of red-pulp and white-pulp, disappearance of normal splenic nodules and neutrophil infiltration. After exposure to noise and in combination, leukocyte and lymphocyte counts decreased significantly. After exposure to low-concentration CO and in combination, serum IgM and IgG levels decreased significantly, but the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ levels increased significantly. Eosinophils and IgA levels decreased significantly following exposure to noise and/or low concentration of CO, while the level of interleukin-1 increased significantly. Monocytes increased significantly only under noise or CO exposure, but not under combined exposure.
Noise and/or low-concentration CO exposure may suppress innate and adaptive immune functions and induce inflammatory responses. Noise exposure mainly affected the innate immune function of rats, whereas low-concentration CO exposure mainly affected adaptive immune functions. Combined exposure presented higher immunotoxicity than noise or CO alone, suggesting that exposure to noise and low-concentration CO in the living and working environments can affect the immune system.
评估噪声和/或低浓度一氧化碳（CO）暴露对大鼠免疫器官和免疫功能的免疫毒性及影响。
将雄性Wistar大鼠每天暴露于98 dB(A)白噪声和/或100 ppm CO中4小时，持续30天，以确定胸腺和脾脏的病理变化，以及白细胞计数、炎症因子和免疫球蛋白（Ig）浓度的变化。
噪声及联合暴露后，胸腺皮质和髓质边界不清。CO及联合暴露后脾脏的病理变化包括红髓和白髓边界模糊、正常脾小结消失和中性粒细胞浸润。噪声及联合暴露后，白细胞和淋巴细胞计数显著下降。低浓度CO及联合暴露后，血清IgM和IgG水平显著下降，但肿瘤坏死因子-α和干扰素-γ水平显著升高。噪声和/或低浓度CO暴露后，嗜酸性粒细胞和IgA水平显著下降，而白细胞介素-1水平显著升高。单核细胞仅在噪声或CO暴露下显著增加，联合暴露时则无增加。
噪声和/或低浓度CO暴露可能抑制先天性和适应性免疫功能并诱导炎症反应。噪声暴露主要影响大鼠的先天性免疫功能，而低浓度CO暴露主要影响适应性免疫功能。联合暴露比单独的噪声或CO具有更高的免疫毒性，表明生活和工作环境中的噪声和低浓度CO暴露会影响免疫系统。
